ACT Past Papers with Answers

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

According to Figure I, of the following compounds. which one has the hiirh6st BP ?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

According to Table I, the relationship between molec- ul<ir mass and BP among the compounds CHCI CHBr3, and CHI is best represented by. which of the folloiving grtiphs? 300 200 . 100

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

.4t l atmos'phere of pressure, the temperature i< t which CH:I boils is how much grealer than tht tempei<TrÈure' at H:hiGh.CH4 boils?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

-4ccording to Tabl- l and Fi￿lre I, the molecular mi£ SS of CF4 is closest to the ￿01ccular m<iSS of which of the following compour,ds? 0 100 200.300 400 5(K) moleciil£ir mass (an]u) 300 0 100 200 300 400,5(X) molecul£￿ mass (a]nu) .' 300 200 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 molecLilar mass (ajnu)

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

The aiomic mass (the mass of l atom, in.amLI) of C is 12 amu. Based on the rnolecLilar inass of CBr4 shown in Figure I, the atomic IriLiSS of Br is closest to whieh of the following? 20 amu 35 amu 7amu 300 200 5> 100 0 100 200 300 400 500. Molecul(￿ mass (t￿lu} Acf-A11 39 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 4ooooooooJ4 Passage11 Uriisliiols al'e tlie oils in poison ivy that cause allergic recQCtioii.s in Iiuillans. The higher the U.-S ralio the ratio of iinsatui'ated (U) Lll'ushiols to saturated (S) urnshiol the mole tsevere the I'eaction. Key CO2 concentration pIesent-day (370 ppm',>) elevated (570 ppm" ) 100 Fi"om 1999 to 2004, poison ivy plants (PIP51 W￿re gi-own in 2 identical OLltdoor plots under 'd￿ntiCal condi- tioiis except fol. the attnospheric CO2 concentration. Figure I shows, foi" eic ch plot, the yeaily dry blO.￿aSS per planL, Figuie 2 sliows the yearly percer.t of original PIPS surviving iii ecTrch plot. Figurc 3 shows. for each ploi in 2004, the percent of U Liriisliiols per plant, the perc=nt ot S uriishiols per plant, Ic nd the U:S iatio per plant. 80 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 ppm= parts pcr million Key CO concelltration pi'esent-day ()70 ppin ) elevated (5 10 ppm" j Figure 2 Kej to iircle graphs El U urushiols El S urusb.iols 20 18 16 io% 370 ppm CO? plot 10 90*0 570 pJm CO2 plol 370 ppm CO2 plol 570 ppm CO2 plot 951. 1999 2000 2001 Q002 2003 Figure 3 ppin - parts per million Figures £daF.ted frorn 'BiDrnass and Toxicity Flesponses ol Poison Ivv (Tox,'code..?dron radicans> to Elevated Atmospheric CO Q20aE b51 the Trlational Acadomy of Sciences. FigLire J ACT-A11 40 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

According to Figure 3. for the pre8ent-day CO2 con- ccntration plot, the peiceiit of.U urushiols per plant in 2004 was.. A, IO¥o.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

According to Figiire 2, which. plot had the higher per- cent of oiigin<ql PIPS surviving at the end of the snidy?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on the passage, which of the factors l18ted below WclS(were) the same for the 2 plots? I. 'Atmospheric CO2 concentration in each plot Il. Soi! type in each plot III. Amount of water applied to each plot .C. Il and III oiily

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

0 Acf.A11 44 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on Figure 2, what percent of PIPS grown in the plot ivith a CO concentration of 370 ppm had died by the ):ear .2003 ? -l. 40%

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

AGcordin(T to Fig￿¢ 3, w.hich plot produced a higher percent of S urushiols per plant? Ihe urushiols prodLiced per plant wei"e saturated. the urushiols produced pei" planL wcre saturated. L The.ele%ated CO2 concentration plot, 5% of the urusbiols produced per pl£￿t were saturated. urushio18 produced per plant were saturated, ACT.A11 41 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage 111 When the ozone (O ) iii air is mixed w.ith an acidic solutioA of iodide ion (I-), the 03 reacts to form triiodioe ion (I-), O and H O, At each site. the students pei'formed the followiiig 2 steF.s evcry half hour froni 12..30 p.m, to 5..30 p.m. on particula_- day.. I. A 10.0 ML volume of an IiqiieoLIS cicidiE soliitioii h£lVillg a 10 ffloliiiL concentration of l- W¢iS placed into a cleaii,. empty test tube that was tlien sealed with the 2-holed stopper. 0,+31-+2H'-41 +O,+HO Students perfoiined all experirnent to deter￿_In8 the concenti"ation of 03 in samples of ali. Figure I shows the relationsliip between the concentiation of I in iinolil. and the concenti"ation of O in parts per billion jppb). under the conditions of the experimcnt.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on Figures l aiid 3, the ali Sample collected at :hiLh of the following combinations of time and loca- tion 4ad the lowest OJ concentrationg time Ioccqtion 9:30 p.m. vacuum Site B Sile C Site B Site C test tube Figlire 2 AGT.A11 42 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 000000000

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Considei" tlie <1if .81£ mples thal weie collected at the 4 sites at 2:00 p.m. Based on Figures l and 3. what i the ordei" of. those samples .IroTn LoTrest 03 concentra- tion to highest 03 concenlration?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Bascd on Figures l and 3, 74.hich site bad the highest overall aveiage 03 concentiation acfobs all the air samples?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on Figui-es l arid 1, the 03 concentration at

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

At Site .4, was the O concentration highest at 4:00 p.m. or at 5:20 p.m. 7 4:00 p.n]., and the higher the 13 concentration, the higher the 03 concentration. conceiitTation was lowest 11 t. 4:00 p.m., and the lower tlie 13 concenti-ation, thei higher the 03 concentr&tion. 5:30 p.m., and the higher the 13 concentration, tlie highcI tb.e 0] concentration. 5:30 p.m.. and the lower the 13 concentration, the bigher thAe 03 concentration.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

MThen a i.'acuum pump was operating diiring Step 2, it drew air tlwough the solution in the test tube. Assum- ing that the PLimp drew air at a l.ate of 200 mLlmiii, how manjt milliliters of air were drawn through the solution in the test tube each titne Step 2 was performed? 200 n]L 5iO

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Suppose that the acttial 03 conc8ntr&tion at 12:30 p.n]. at Site C was 43 ppb. Based on Figures l k￿d 3, which OI Ihe following expressions WOLild give the percent error for the value of the 03 concentr&tion that was dctcrKuincd at 12:30 p,m, at Site C '? |40ppb-43ppbl 43 ppb 40ppb-43ppbl 40 ppb | i(X) ppb- 43.ppbl x I.OOfo

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Ir. StLdy 2, j'i would most likely have beeii le,85 than

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

FOL fixed valLies of wavelengtli and slit width, which of the following graphs best represents the relationship between yi and x ?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Siipposc that tlie procedurc perfonncd in TIial 2 ￿'aS repeated, except that x was 9.00 m. Based on the resuLts of StLidies l and 3, would yi more likel), have been gre<lter than 15.0 mm or less than 15.0 mrn 7

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Duiincr the 3 studies, the students did NOT exKlmine the relationship between yi and the.. width. of tbe slit. waTrclength of laqcr light, 30 30 115 15

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

.4.s the wa￿elength OF light iiicieases, the energy of g,, pho¢on (particle ol light) decreases. In which of thc.s iolloiving trials of SLudy 2 was the energy of a photon greaiest? 12 x(m) x(m} 30 8 15 30 15 12 i? x(In) x(m)

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

For fixed values of wavelength and x, whell the slit width ivas doubled, the distance from the center of the bzightest band in the pattern to the center of one of the ? adjacent darL bÉuid8: w&s doubled. was bkalved. ren]aincd unchanged. varied with no geneial trend.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

What is the result of Trial 7 expressed in mef8TS (In) ? ACT-A11 45 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage V

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Which of the following pie cliai'lb is niost consisteiil 'ith Scieii tist 2's desci'ipLion of tlie total g<lS Olltpul al HSVS ? Unlike Inost volcLlnoes, hot spol >'olcni_'.oes i HSN:s) develop Fai. Ii'oin teLtonic pliite boundclries. Two scientiSLS disciiss the oi'igin and pi'operLies Df HSI's. Scienfist I In the mLiiiile beneath 1( n HSV, at depths bet￿'e-n 200 kni aiid 400 kni, hot maomlt rises toviard Earth's sur- race in one large coluiiin called a i71.qnfle pluTr.e. The ,IsceiidinoT magin2< C2£ uses e<11 Ihqu&ikes <2nd creat=s r.etworks of large frÉlCtui-es iii ciiis'tcil iocks. PIopcisatioii of ih-se fracture networks cnables miigincl to reach the suifGce more ecisily, wliich is why tlie Ii'equency of eruptlO.Iq £Lt an HSK: typically increa,ges ovei. tinie. Magma that dovs not brea= Earth's siirf2c ce will cool and eveEItUlc Ily sink back doivn into the mantle. IAiatei vapor watei" vapoi. co, co othei. co gases co, co, co FISVS eriipt Ii'on-i"ich lav?L S that ai"e chenllcdll), similar to niic iiile rocks. Olivine and pyroxenes &e the most abun- dLint Ininerals in mcllltle roclcs cind in the la'rfas erup-ec ai HSVS. The 12( vas at HSVS also i'etain a lot of wa:-er from the In¢intle. By weight, Wclter vapoi" accounts tor 75% bf the total gcls OLItPLIt at HSVS, while CO? accouii ts for onl). 10l0-15fo. All other gages combiiied never aLCOLllt for more thar] 1090-15Yo Ot the total gas oiitpuE. KilaLièa Caldera, in HclWc111, ei'upts this wa).. co Wcltei" other (Yli ses

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Source question 28. Refer to the source image.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Bafal+ is a i'ol=anic rock thal contclins abundaiit ii-un and i* less than IO¥o feldspar by voliiine. In contl'lL SI, tb.e volcanic rock ijhonolile is Imostly feld,%par by N'oIJwie. Based on the passage, which of these 2 rype of rO￿k w'oiild each .scientist mol'e likely cxpect to .see atanHSV? Scientist I HSVS eiLlPt lavas in whicli feldspar is the Tnost abun- daiit Inineral. These dliimiiiiiin-i.ich l'avas contdin rnich less watei. th2( n most manile rocks. By weight, CO and wat￿[ vapor each accoLlIlt tor 45¥0 of the total gas output at Hsvb. C¢l1'bon Iiioiioxide (CO) accounts for 6CI th- total gils Olltput. and all other ga,ses coinbined acco'.Jnt for only

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Suppose it wei"e discoyei'ed that older HSVS erupt mole fi"equently .than younger HSN's..This discoverv would better suppoit the viewpoint of which scientist? quency decreases ovei" time. G, Scientist I; Scientist I claims that eruption fre- quency increases over time. quency dcci"cases over time. quency increases over tillle.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

The Zithosphere is a zone of Earth's interior that extends from the sllif1cce to a maximum depth of approximately 200 km, Which of tbe scieniists, ' if either, discusg(es) a process th&t ]nasi extend beneoth the lithosphere?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Suppose that another scÈentist claims that niost mantle rocks contain water. Which ot the scientists, if eithei", would be likely to agree with this claim?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

A material that lowers the melting point of rocks is called aflux. Th￿ ￿elting of rocks due to the presence I of a flux is called flux melting. Flux melting ig & fea- Lure of which scientist's discussioil, and based on that scient(st's disciission, what materi&l is acting as the flux? ACT-AI 1 47 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 4•ooooeooco4 Passage Vl Eiijeriingnt J GFP i-epoi'ter geiies thal contL2iiiecl RSI-RS3 cind the coding reg".on foi" GFP 3vei'e preiiared (see Figiii"e 2) The reporter genes were then Irciizsfected (delivei'ed) ii)to cell of each of c- -11 typeE A-F, Theii, 48 lir atlei. tl"clllSfeLtioii, t.ie c=Ils weie Vl￿Wed wiih tlie mici'oscope lo deterinille if the GFP I"eportei genes wei-e expiessecl. Figiii-e 2 also shoivs the expression pattei.li of the GFP I'epoi"lei' gene across cell types A-F. Gene expi-essioii iii eiikai'yotes is con:. rolled by I"egiil.q- fL)yiJ DNA 5'LqiieiiceJ (Rss). RSS delermille ivhether, for a pai-LicLil£qr type of Lell, tlie expre88ion of a oene if turn-d o. ol. tLI rned off. FigLire I sliows the coding I"egion of Geiie X and .sliowb 3 RS.% (RS I-RS3) Iliai al'e tlioufjht t? b- associaied witli Geiie X. Figui-e l Qc Iso sliows the kiiown e.KPiessio_I paltern of Gelle X l( Cl"oss 6 types of mammalian c-lls (kncII types A-F). Scientists did 2 expei'iinellts LO sludy how RSI: RS2, and RS3 control the expi"ession of Gene X in eacli of -ell types A-F, In eacli experiment, they preparec GFP i"eportek' gc)Fies. GFP is a pj'otein that ernit< green light wlien viewecl with Li cei'tc2111 microscope. Reporter genes are DNA tnolecules Ihat contfjG 111 Rss of inlerest ar.d :lie codin region foi. an easily detectÉTrble pi'otein. ExFeriment I was repeii ted except thai 5 types of GFP porter gk•ncs wcrc preparecl, Each type OF I"epoi"tei" gene oitained either O, l. or 2 of the Rss and the coding region fLqr GFP (see Fig'Jre 3). Fioiire 3 also shows tlie expression pa-. lerns of the 3 iypes of GFP repoi"LeL" genes Lqcross cell types A-F. G=r,e X Key Gene X is: expressed not expi'essed codiv.g re￿oll celi type .4 B C D E F HUH llHHllHll RSI RS2 RS3 Gene X Figur- I expres5ior. pattern of GFP ieyio."lei gene cell type .4 B C D E F Ke), GFP I'epoitei. gene w(l5'. expressed not expi'essed coding region for GFP Rbl RS2 RS3 GFP ieporter gene FiiFure 2 exJreK<ion pattem of GFP reportei" gene ell tvpe A B C D E F Key GFP I"eporter gene was,. expi'essecl iiot expressed coding region for GFP RSI RSI RS2 GFP rcporter genes Figure 3 ACT-A11 48 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Figure8 adapted from Bruce Alberts gt al., Molettular Eiology of tne C811, 5th ed. (fr2008 by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson. Jullan Lewls, Maitin Ralf, Keith Flobgris, and Peter Walter,

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on the re8ults of EKperiment 2, RS2 turns on the exptession of the GFP reporter gene in which of rh= cell types?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

According to the reslllts of Experirnents l and 2. when the cc118 were viewed with the microscope, green ￿ght wa8 NEVER observed for wliich of the cell types? xession of the led.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

The gene that codes lor ihe enzyme galactosidase is a common iepoi-ter gene. Consider t e combination of Rss in the reporter gene shown below. codiniy regioll for. -gaiactosidase 39: Consider the expression pattern of the GFP reportei" gene in EAperiment 2 that contained only RSI and RS? What is the most likely reason that the GFP r=porter gene was NOT expressed in cell type D ? In cell type D, gene expr=ssion w'as turned: onb) RSI. onbyRS2. off byRSI. D: off by RS2. RSI RS2 RS3 Which of the following p4tterns of F-palactosid&)e enzymatic activity would n]ost likelv .result from trans- fecting the cells of cell types A-F with the above rcporteI gene? enzymauc activity of -galactosidase in . cell type: A B C D E F has enzvnmtic actiNity [] does not have enryD]aiic actiiryl):

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Based on the results of Experiment 2, the expressioii of the GFP reporter (senes in cell type F was turned on by which of the 3 Rss ?

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

What is the most likely reason that reporter geiies were used in Experitnents l and 2 ? easilv observed than could the protein prodLlCt of the rep.orteT gelles. more -asily observed than could the protein prod- - uct of Gene X. in the cell types stud.ied. reporter genes in the ceIl types stu

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Source question 39. Refer to the source image.

Paper 26 · ACT June 2018 · Form A11 · Science Test

Do the results of Experiments l and 2 indicate that the expression of Gene X is contTO.Iled by each of Ril-RS3 ? expreqsion of the GFP reporler gene in all of the cell types. expression of the GFP reporter gelle in dl of the celI types. expression of the GFP repoiter gene in all of the cell types. expr-SSlOD of the GFP reporter gene in at least I, but not all, of the cell types. A B C D.E.F A B C D E F END OFTEST4 STOP! DO NOT RETURN TO ANY OTHER TEST. ACT.A11 49 Scoring Keys for Form A11 Use the scoring key lor each lest to score your ans:Aier d-ciJment lor t?e multiple~choice tests. Mark a '1 In th@ blank for each question you answered correctly. Add iJp tre nimbers in -ack r-porting category and entor the total number correct loi each reporting category in the L i?lank~ _ro,/ ded. Als.- in the blanks providod. Thg total numb8r correct tor nter the total number correct for each ie8t category. ack t￿st .s the sim of the nufflber coirecl in each reporting