ACT Past Papers with Answers

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Which of the students claimed that the As atom in an AsF3 molecule has a lone pair?

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Which of the students would be likely to agree with the statement "All 4 atoms in an AsF3 molecule lie in the same plane"? After the 4 descriptions were offered, the teacher used a computer program that (l) detern]ined that in each of the 4 rnolecules, there is only l unique bond angle and {2) cal- culated the bond angle for each molecule (see Table l).

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Consider the claim that there are 3 unique bond angles in an AsF3 molecule. This claim is consistent with the description(s) given by which student(s). if any. Table I Calculated bond angle loo. ioi. 103° Iii. Molecule ASF ASCI AsBr3 Asl

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on the descriptions given by Students 1, 2, and 3, which of these students would bc likely to agree that the sum of the 3 bond allsles in an ASI3 molecule is equal to 3600 ? Table adapted from lan J. McNaught, Yesting and Extending VSEPR with Webmo and MOPAC or GAMESS.. 2011 by Division of Chemlcal Education, Inc., American ChemScal Society.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

A molecule of ammonia (NH3) has only l unique bond angle, and that bond angle is 107° The N at0￿ also has a lone pair that Strongly repels the 3 N-H bonds. Based on the descriptions givell by Students 2 and 3, is the molecular shape of NH more likely trigonal planar or trigonal pyramidal? with Student 2's description. with Student 3's description. tent with Student 2's description. tent with Student 3's description. l. Tbe table below gives the atornic mass (in atornic mass units, amu) of the eletnents F. Cl. Br. and I. Atomic ass (amu) Element ci Based on Student 4's description, among the elements listed in the table, as atomic mass increases. atomic radius: increases only. increases, then decreases.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

The data in Table l are most consistent with the description given by which student? ACT.74C 39 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage11 After Cross I but before Cross 2, a student hypothe- sI￿d that each of the parents in Cross I had the geno- type BBEE. Was this hypothesis consistent with the results of Cross l ? coats. yellow coats. No, because all the offspring.of Cross I had black coats. yellow coats. Each dog.in a particular populaiion has a black, brown, or yellow coat. Ill this population, coat color is determined by 2 unlinked genes. Gene B and Gene E. Gene B has 2 alIeles: B and b. Gene E also bas 2 alleles: E and e. Table I shows the possible genotypes for Gene B and Gene E and the resulting coat color phenotypes. Table I Genotype BBEE BBEe BBee BbEE BbEe Bbee bbEE bbEe bbee Coat color black black yellow black black yellow brown brown yellow

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Source question 8. Refer to the source image.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

What was the Gene B and Gene E genotype of the off- spring of Cross 2 that had a biown coat? BBEE o of the dogs with black coats were crossed 3 times (Crosses 1-3). The coat colors of the offspring produced in each cross are shown in Table 2.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on Tables l and 2, what fraction of the offspring of Cross 3 had l or more copies of the E allele of GeneE? Table 2 Number of offspring with a: black brown yellow coat coat coat Cross 15 16 ACT-74C GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Consider the offspring of each of the 3 crosses. B&8ed on Tables l and 2, some of the offspring of which of the crosses, if any, could have had only recessive alle- les of Gene B and Gene E ?

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Suppose 2 of the offspring from Cros3 3 with yellow co&ts are crossed. What p¢rceOt of the ￿SuIting off- spring will bave yellow coats? 25% 50% AGT.74C 41 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Pass.age111 Key time in water in Step 4 10 min ra 2hr 24hr The tensile strengih of a paper towel (PT) is the force per unit width required (o break tbe when it is clamped and stretched (see diagrarn). clamps force 15 * 10 diagram ¥lo Dry sirength is the tensile strength of a dry PT, and wet strengih is the ￿nsIle strength of a pr.(hat has been sub- merged in water. The wet strength can be increased by treating the PT with certgin chemicals. 25 110 120 130 oven temperature (°C) 140 Students conducted 2 experiments to study the wet strengths of idenlical PTS. eacb 20 crn y 20 cm, treated with glutaraldehyde (GLA) or with GLA and zinc nitrate. °contToIs Figure I Ezperiment 2 Steps 1-5 were repeated with 100 other PTS. except thai the test solution contained both GLA and zinc nitrate (see Figure 2). Key time in water in Step 4 10 n]in ra 2hr 24hE Experiment I First, the dry strengths of 5 FTS were measured. in newtons per meter (Nlm), and the average of the measure- ments, D. was calculated. Then, Steps 1-5 were perforn￿d on each of l 00 other PTS: I. A PT was submerged for 30 in ￿'ater (if the was to be a control) or in a test solution containing GLA.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Approximately what percent of the nornial gametes produced by a dog with the genotype BbEE will con- tain the B allele?

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In Experiment 2, the greatest average wet strength was observed for the PTS that were submerged in water for 10 min after having been he&ted in an oven at what temperature? was less than the - value at 10 min. For all the oven ternperatures, the - value at 2 hr was the same as the - vaJue at 10 min.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In Experiment 2. for Ffs that were submerged in water for 2 hr, as the oven tempetature increased from I lO°C through 140°C, the - value: 2 hr was greater than the - value at 10 min; at the other oven temperathres, the value at 2 hr was increased only. remained the same. V￿￿ed, but with no general trend. less than the - value at 10 min.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In Step l of Experiment I, the pfs that wou]d become controls were submerged in what liquid. and in Step 3 of Experiment I, these control Ffs were heated ITh an oven at what temperature? liquid tempcratlwe water water 25°C 85°C 25°C 85°C

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In which of Experiments l and 2, if either, did the stu- dents measure the wet strengths of Ffs that l￿d been submerged in water for a total of 18 hr ? ACT.74C 43 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage IV Experiment 2 Five more of the outdoor I m tanks were prepared as in Experiment I, except that each of the R. rugulosa had an initial mass of 7.9 g instead of 3.3 g. Each tank of frog6 was assigned a different diet: Diet 6. Diet 7. Diet 8, Diet 9, or Diet 10. Each frog was fed 2.000 rng of its assigned diet. once per day. for the next 12 weeks. At the end of 12 weeks, the average final mass of the frogs was deter- mined for each diet (see Table 3). The tiger frog, Rana rugulosa, is a species of frog that is commercially farmed. A farnier conducted 2 experÉments to help determine the optimum diet foT the growth of rmgulosa. Prior to the experiments, 10 diets (Diets 1-10) were prepared. The diets differed in the percent by D]ass of pro- tein. the number of calories per graD] {caUg). or both (see Table l). Table 3 Table I Average final mass Percent by ass of protein Calories per gram (cavg) Diet (g) Diet 5,300 5,300 5,300 5,300 4,500 4,700 10 Tables adapted from P. Somsueb and M. Boonyaratpalin, °Optl- mum Prolein and Energy Levels for the Thal Natlve Frog, Ran8 rugulosa Weigmann.. Q2001 by Blackwell Sciènce Ltd. 5,3(X)

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

WhAch of the following statements comparing the value of the PTS that were submerged in water for 2 hr with the - value of the PTS that were subrnerged in water for 10 min is supported by the results of Experiment l ? was greater than the - value at 10 min.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

One of the students predicted that the wet strengths of PTS would .NOT increase after treating the PTS with a solution containing both GLA and zinc nitrate. The results of which experiment better refute or support this prediction? The results of: Experiment I better support this prediction.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on the results of the experiments, is the dry strength of a paper towel greater than or less than the wet strength of the paper towel? than IOOI% of D. than IlJ)% of D. than I￿1% of D. 100% of D.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

The values that were averaged to obtain the data in Tables 2 and 3 were most likely read from which of the following instruments? Electronic balance Table 2 Average final mass Diet (g)

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In Experiment I, as the percent by mass of protein increased, the average final mass of the frogs: increased only. increased, then decreased. ACT-74C 44 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

The fine wire mesh w&s most likely intended to func- tion in which of the ways described below? I. To prcvent predators of frogs from entering eacb tank II. To place the frogs into each tank III. To keep the frogs from leaving each taDk

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In Experiment 2, as the number of calories per gram increased, the average final mass of the frogs: increased only. increased, then decreased.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Which of the statements about the frogs involved in the experiments given below, if either. is('are) consistent with the information in the passage? I. All the frogs belonged to the same genus. Il. All the frogs belonged to the same species. ACT-74G 45 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage V In soil, CO2 is produced through 2 processes-respira- tion in plant roots and bacterial decomposition of organic matter. A study was done in atl oak forest to examine the CO2 content of soil gas as well as the water content of the soil. The study was dolle during an 8-week period that began just as the growing season ended. Key +OcL 26 -o-- Nov. 9 - Nov. 23 O (surface) 10 20 30 40 50 70 80 Study On October 12. 5 evenly spaced locations in the forest were marked along a 120 m long straight line, starting at one end. At each location, 5 sets of 2 instrum¢nts each-a diffusion well and a moisture sensor-were positioned so that soil gas could be collected and soil water content could be measured at each of 5 soil depths: 10 cm. 30 cm, 60 cm. 100 cm. and 140 cm. The slots near one cnd of the steel pipe of the diffusion well allowed only soil gas to enter the pipe. The soil gas could be sampled by inserting the needle of a syringe through the airtight seal on the aboveground end of the pipe. See Figute l. i(xJ 110 120 140 150

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Experiment 2 differed from Experiment l in which of the following ways? iment I than in Experiment 2. iment 2 than in Experiment l. day was greater. in Experiment I thats in Experi- ment 2. day was greater in Experiment 2 than in Experi- ment l.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

To deterniine whether the number of calories per gram in the diet of R. rugulosa affects the growth of . rugulosa. would the farmer more likely bave com-. pared ihe results of Diets 1-5 or the results of Diets 6-10 ? cent by mass of protein but not in the number of calories per gram. number of calories per gram but not in the percent by mass of protein. cent b). mass of protein but not in the number of calories per gram. umber of calories per gram but not in the peicent by mass of proiein.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

According to Figure 3, at what depth were the average water content values for the 4 dates closest in value? 30cm 60cm

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

The. slots at the bottom of a diffusion well's pipe were designed to allow the passage of: soil gas but not soil or water. soil and water but not soil gas. water but not soil or soil gas. soil gas as well as soil and w.ater.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

What percent of the CO2 in each soil gas satnple was due to bacterial decomposition of organic nratter and not due to respirntion in plant roots? AGf.74C 47 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004 Passage Vl l(MJ An object falling through a liquid has 3 forces acting on it: gravity, a buoyant force, and drag (a force that opposes motion). If the net upward force on the object is equal in magnitude to the net dowDward force on the object. then the object will fall at terniinal speed. A steel ball was dropped trom rest into a column of motor oil and into a column of glycerin. Figures.1 and 2 show how the speed of the ball and the drag on the ball varied with time as the ball fell'through the oil and through thc glycerin. respectively. Figure 3 shows bow the depth of the ball varied with time for each case. motor oil 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 time (msec*) milliseconds Figure 3 50 250 200 30 150 l(Kl E 50 10

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

In the study, one step in the determination of CO2 con- tent was to divide a volume of CO2 by another volume. That. other volume Tras the volume of a". sample of water. steel pipe of a diffusion well.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Whicb of the following statements describing how the average water content generally varied over the 140 cm of soil depth is consistent with Figure 3 ? generally increased with depth. generally decreased with depth. IL On October 26 and November 9, the average water content generally increased with depth, whereas on November 23 and December 7, the average water content generally decreased with depth. content generally decreased with depth, whereas on November 23 and December 7, the average water content generally increased with depth.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Suppose that at each of the 5 locations a diffusion well had been positioned at a depth of 145 cm. Based on Figure 2, on November 23, the average CO2 content of the soil gas at that depth would most likely have been determined to be:

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Suppose that a 10 g sample of soil had been collected on November23 at a depth of 60 cm. Based on Figure 3, what mass of water would most likely have been present in the sarnple?

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on Figure 3, the depth of the steel ball in the motor oil at time = 50 msec would most likely have been closest to which of the following.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Which of the following diagrams best represents the 3 forces that acted on the steel ball-gravity (G), the buoyant force (B), alld (Irag (D)-as it moved through either liquid? (Note: Assume that down is toward the bottom of the page.) 15 300 12 120 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 tiTh￿ (msec.) *milliseconds millimeters per second micronev*tons FAgure 2 ACT-74C 48 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 40000000004

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

The steel ball required less tAmc to reach terminal speed in which liquidrp .011 but more than 25 msec in glycerJ] to reach ter- minal speed. motor oil but less than 10 msec in glycerin to reach terniinal speed. erin but more than 25 msec in motor oil to reach tern]inal speed. erin but less than 10 msec in motor oil to reach ter- minal speed.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

According to Figures l and 2, the steel ball's terniinal speed was greater in which liquid? in motor oil and about 10.5 mmlsec in glycerin. in Motor oil and about 210 mrnlsec in glyceri in glycerin and about 10.5 mm/sec in motor oil. in glycerin and about 210 mmlsec in motor oil.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on Figures 1, 2, and 3, is it reasonable to con- clude that the drag on the steel ball'was directly pro- portional to the depth of the ball? then gradualIy approacbed a constant value. increased and then approached a constant value. constant value. whereas the drag increased only.

Paper 30 · ACT June 2017 · Form 74C · Science Test

Based on Figures l and 3, at a depth of 0.50 mm in the motor oil. what was the approximate drag exerted on the steel ball? END OF TEST 4 STOPI DO NOT RETURN TO ANY OTHER TEST. Acf-74C 49 Scoring Keys for Form 74C Use the scoring key'for each test to score your answer document for the multiple-choice tests. Mark a "1° in the blank for each question you answered correctly. Add up the numbers in each reporting Gategory and enter the total number correct for each reporting category in tle blanks provided. Also enter the total number correct for each test in the blanks provlded. The total number correct'ior each test is the sum of the number correct in each reporting category. Test 1: Engllsh Scoring Key Reportlng Calego Reporting . Category" pow KLA 'Reportlng Categjrles POW = Production of Writing ' KLA - Knowledge oi Language CSE = Conventions of Stsndard English pow CSE Key