ACT Past Papers with Answers

" The passage most strongly suggests that the narratoI's family grows: ,heat only. wheat aild ryc only. . wheaL rye, and durum only. wh'eat. rye, durum, and flax.

The. na￿atOr describes ber.'mom', as baving all of the following EXCEFr: tor's dad.. a streDgth that the narrator identifies with. a noticeable sense of worry over the currènt year's wheat prices: ..a conlinitmellt to carimg for. her belongings.

As it is used the first time in line 34. the word it most precisely refers to: one of the. city voices .that-broadcasts the war . news. I took off my. apron and was rnnnillg across lo the barn for the"pickup before Dad ha& taken his hat from bebind the door, I felt so'excited I. couldn't walk 90 soberly. lory. it was hot! I had the doors of the truck tied open with a piece of rope so the air could rush through, but it, felt hot enough to scorch my bare ankles, and the heat of the engine came lip through the rubber soles of 95 my. sneakers.

.The.narrator's statement in lines 75-78 most nearly means that she believes her mom is: . a somewhat.moody person wh.o.is often difficult . for the.na￿ator and her dad to ullderstand. ',an expIessiv¢'yerson who is.knowll.!or laughing openly and deeply. a serious person who rarely interacts with most of thepeople of Gotham. a 'warm person who" Is not well. understood.by people iri Gotham. , 7. .As it. is, u8ed in. line. 2.'.the word real most nearly means: .1. The point of view from which the passage is told is. best described as that of a young woman who: is unsure whether she would like to attend college in the fall but is aware that she will have the optLOn. now convinced. that the high cost to attend wlll prevent.her from going. C: had assumed that she would go to college ill tbe fall but is now cousidering viorking on the family . ranch for a year instead. .1$ auxiously anticipating attending college in the fall but is aware of the conditions thal could affect her plans.

Source question 7. Refer to the source image.

As it is used in line 30, the wordfenced can reasonably be.said to mean all of the following EXCEWr: shiit. conllnitt¢d. .10. When the Dallator's dad tells her that be has decided to sell.th¢ cu￿ent crop of wheat, the narrator reacts to the news with. a feeling of excitement that: she tries to hide from him. consumes her. is paired ivith discontent. is tinged with guilt. ACT47A . 31 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Passage 11 . SOCIAI SCIENCE:..Ths passage Is adapted. from.the .artlcle . "Virtually Rebuilt. A Ruin Ylelds Secrets. by Sam Lubell (Q2002' by Tthe New York Times Company). Everyone knows tbat the RomaD.Cotosstum 'is an . architECtural marvel. Built so that. thousaiids of people could be usliered in and out in minutes. it is a testamedt to the genius of Roman.enginderlng. Or is it? By recon. . 5 structing the building with three-dimensional comp.uter modeling and then virtually "walking tbrough.:. it. researchers. have discovered" dark, narrow upper hall. ways that probably hemwed in spectators.. slowing their . movement to a crawl. viitual reality lab there have worked with a design cow- pany.that. specializes in archaeological visualizations to - prodllce.:.virtual:.rriodels of,"..several .Astyriall::palaces.. .55 . mo.ving through a.simulation."of Ihejnorthwesi pa]ace of ,.. ."Ashur-.Nasir-Pal II iof, ..Assyri&." ". all-.*Dcient. sitc'.in modern-day ￿aq, be caught.a'glimpse of thrc¢ léaf bas- .relief sculp.tures In 'a,"row." 'The , sculptures, 'depicted a ritual involving the king., Co￿tierS,And pro- 60 tective gods, could. bé viewed .as .a -singlè, isolated. tableau only from his position.on the tbreshold of the .throne room as .w&s evidéntLy the .intention of the~ '. &alace'￿,deslgller8.. w.hen Paley" described his.finding at a,'lecture,".':the room went'absolutely silent. h& said.. :'I . 65 think".people.iealized'.right:.tb¢ll that.%this is a useful technology .that'.help's.-them see .things .in .a different way." Some experts hesitaLe"to rély on such modeling." saying tbat.it can gloss over the realitiès o! the past. 70 Kenneth Kolson. deputy.. directoI of tbe. division of. reselrch prograiiis for.the National, Endowment for the . Humanities, .said that virtual,images conveyed a "false ' . seDse...of integrity."and .p.urity.": He, added. "Those. images,...especially, the ' stunningly ,'sedu¢tive onès, 75 convey as much or:morÉ abotst our own-values and cul. , .tural. aspirations as about th¢ aucients." Even:,.Frischer '.and other. ' scbolars.'.,who have einbraced interactive,3. D ,modeling, caution 'that theiI". .:- reconstructions can .nev¢r be accepte4 ,'as:fact. partly 8b because new information is .always. surfacing.. "We're ' working the Etuff ..out.:'.".said Mark,:.Wilson .,Jones. member<)f,the UCLA'.Kommittee of Roman.arcbite¢ture ': "- £xperts."and.o:.lecturer-. in"arcbitecture. Nothing's-cver ":"" - final.,: One advantage.of vsillg digital models, scholars 85 say, is,.that,"they". can'..easily."be-.updated..iVitb new findings. Fikret Yegul, a prc•fessor of arGhitectllral history at .tbe University of. Caltfornia at Santa. Barbara. acknowl- edges that Gomputer modelAng:can shed n¢w light on 90 the past. StilI. he "questions some 0£ the theories of the team.of experts assembled by UCLA. 'VR models can never be. seen as the last word." he said. 'They are only another perspective." Such three._dimensional iiiodeling is turning some. of archaeology's onee-established truths on their heads. Because 3"_D softwarF" can take into 'account the build- jng materials and the laws of physics, it enables scho!- ars to. address construction technxques in ways '15 So￿etImeS overlooked when 'they ate. working with ..two-dimensioDal drawings. The Colosseum, a.vast four-story oval arena. was built from around A.D. 70 to 80. It once.held as many as 50,000 spectatots. Earthquakes and the iavages of . 20.time have destroyed much .of the building, bul 'an . impressive amount,..including most of .its..facade. still. stands. 10 .Dean Abernathyi . rcconstruct the C.olosseum, confronted. the-issue-of the

Source question 10. Refer to the source image.

The main function of the first paragraph is to= Colosseum. neering marvel. show.how people iu an¢ient.tinies moved quickly in and out of the Colosseum. . D. .point out a flaw in the .design and consttufjtion of the Colosseurn and how it was later corrected. 50 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. ACT47A 32

. The.passage indicates that in its researcb ou the Colos- seum,. the UCLA-assembled team of Roman "architec- ture experts made use of all of the following sources of 'inforniation EXCEWr: ' F. . the remains of a part of the Colosseum usually inaccessible to researchers. records of the ' Colosseum's ¢onstruction and: expansion. studies of. amphitbeaters similar to the Colosseum. - models of the Colosseum made from clay.. 13, Frischer'attributes th'e theory that "tile entire .Colos- seum was a tnasterpiece of ciiculatiDn" (lioes 35-36) directly to". misleading computer models. erroneous data about the building's bottomfloor. scholars. ' 17. When.Mark.'Wilson Jones, t4lb about ':working the stuff out::Qine.81), he i& most..likely.referrxng to; . co￿¢CtIng,crrOrS in. computer"mod¢ls 'as ne.w.,data".-: emerge. . eliminating 'serious.,flaws ill .the .software used lo . . . make computer models. ending the ,'conflict betweeti ASUPPOrters and.critics of computer modelillg. . integrating Architecture and archaeology into Triis classroom lectures.

Source question 13. Refer to the source image.

.The author describes the Roman.SRnate and ,the. Temple of Saturn as two bulldings that: . are b.eing reevaluated thauks to ¢omputer mode!ing. underwent desiEll changes long after their. construction. "J. featured inferior ventilation, lighting. and acoustics.

As Paley relates it, the"lecture au'dience's reaction to his finding about an Assyrian palaGe is best described , .as: stunned amazement.. silent contempt. .mild concein."

In the context.of the eightEA paragraph. (lines 68-76), the statement in lines 73-76 most nearly means tbat: computer models reveal a groat deal about the values and cultuie of the ancient world. models risk obscuring the ancie￿t past. modern people have aspirations similar to those of the. pe,ople D.f the. anrie.nt world. throii'gh their images, the ancients .vividly: coll- veyed their values and hopes.

Source question 17. Refer to the source image.

The author .most likely places, the ..words ':walkinE througb" in quotation rnarks in. line 6 to: reveal the.speed at which ancjent Rornans moved through the Colosseum's upper hallways: suggest.that tourist visits to .the .Colosseum in .Rome are b.est done at a leisurely pace. warn readers.tbat r¢searchers-ar& just begiDnillg to develop £omputer.models .o'f the, Colosseum. .stress,'.that".iesearcbers'. iours "of .the. reconstructed . Colosseum ar& actually"taken via computer:

:According'. to the.passage, ?vhich of the., folloiving is true about tb¢ present state of the.Colosseum? . seum's'facade ren￿lD5. ' by the passage of time. '.C.. .' much.of the Colosseum has been destroyed, but a notable amount is still.standing.. rest of the structure has been destroyed.

Which of the following developments does the passage indicate occurred fitst chronologically? tr. Bombay Dreams has its U.S' premiere. reggae. and hip-hoii. , Underground. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. ACTffj7A 34

Source question 24. Refer to the source image.

The passage clairns that. collaborations. b'etwéen jazz and Indian musicians: . occurred earlier as well. started before the 1960$, the decade tIMt saw the most collaborations. ended in the. 1960s wlen hip-hop .began using. Indian Thythms. couldn, t havé.started before the 1960s, the decade ' jazz was born. AGf.67A 35 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Passage IV. "It was.just pure luck,"".Dr. Vecchione said. Once aware of the .new squid. be began learning of tbe other 55 Observations. NATURAL SCIENCTr. Thls passage 18 adapted from tho artlcle A Mystery Squld Found Luiklng at Ocean. bottom. by Carol Kaesuk Yoon (Q200'1 by Th& N8w'York fimes.Company). Th"e.'squids are.,:unusual . in., a.. number of ..ways,. including.their'exce'ssivelyJong.arnis, held .in"a unique . bent stance,"tbeir large .fius and th¢ir. apparent 'lack of . concern 'ivith the proximity of the .s°ubmersibles. When 60 observed:.tbe squids wete mostly han'ging in the:water.'" gently..waving their.fins to hold ..their position. arms . dangling bell¢ath them.: Unlike most squids:.,which have two loag tentatles and.'eight.sborter. arms. the new .' Squld's.arn￿ and"tentacles:are,Indistinguishably long. It's.. a ' very.,exeiting animal.:. :said ~Dr. Clyde ,Roper, "a zoologist. ?t.the.Natsonal .Musallm of Nalural ..Yhis animal History at"th¢..Smithsonian,:Institution'" "'probably doesn't weigh thore thary 25 to 50 pounds. Most of its length is in these very• very thin, tendnlous .70 appendages." Without'.specimens 'in hand.,.it,is ,impossible for ' scièntists to say whether ..the isquids represent on& ot. J]iore Species.,:The.aD￿]aIs. r¢Ellain iuimamed..The mys- . . tery.squids.are most.sirnilar £0 small* xyoung.squids dis-. . ",75 covered scY¢ral. years.-. ago near.,Hawaii.7nd', California.. . thqt . had .:.large..fins... and., long, ' slender 'arms., Dr. ..Vecchionc -speculated .that .the new.".squids .inight eat small crustaceans that.they grabbed with what scientists suspect'ed.were sticky.'arnis'.i One of,the s9uids actually-:

Source question 27. Refer to the source image.

Source question 28. Refer to the source image.

Source question 29. Refer to the source image.

The pasiage identifies.Raliiiian.as bÈin8. both: iated by music'critics. influenced by Western music. interested in modern filmi and dedicated to pre- serving Indian lliusical traditions. -J. fond of electro and salsa and uncomfortable 'with surf musAc and funk.

The passage implies. that for resear¢hers, Ihe. biggest obstacle to learning more about the new. squid is(are) Ar. reluctancc of the squid to approach submersibles or to be filmed. uncertainty. over how many different species the squid"represents. recent years. risks and costs inlposed by the squid's remot habitat. ACT47A .36 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. . 32, The language Df 'the first paragraph. 1$ most likely intended to convey a sense of: . excitement generated by an intriguing. discovery. ' confusion'over a tsewly ¢n¢oullt¢rcd sp¢cies. ,, H. ske ticism about an. allegèdly irnportant finding. en siasm for the practical benefits of a research study.

Source question 32. Refer to the source image.

Source question 34. Refer to the source image.

Source question 35. Refer to the source image.

Source question 36. Refer to the source image.

Within. the passage, Grassle'8 Statement in the fifth paragraph (lines 36-41) serves mainly to: . emphasize the. va]u¢.and uniqueness of the.discov- ery.of the new squid."" offer. an urgent call for .more submersible-based studies of the new squid.. reveaL..£hat he spends most of his'time as a researcher making dAves ill. submersibles. explain the rolcjhe Institute of Marine and Coastal . Sciences has in squid T¢4eareh.

In thé assage;'.Vecchione'.claims.that ?II: of .the sight- ings o tbe.new squid.yere made: intentionally by scientists looking specifically for the squid. intentionally by scientists hoping to find severa] new species of marine life. unintentionally..by:scientsSts or.oil company work- ers searching for something else: uninterAtiorially by .011 .company..work¢rs_txploring he ocean floor with submeFsibles. .' 39., It"can most-TRasonably be￿fe￿ed that.the word..love in lin¢ 49 refers to tlke man's love for: A: the new squid.. mariD¢.biology. another per40n.. submersibles.

Source question 39. Refer to the source image.

The.passage "characteTizes.-the idea Ahat. the new.squid . eats small crustaceans obtained with sticky. arnis as.. a fact verified.by cxainination of tiny suckers on the squid's arins. a fact supported by the study of siiiiilar squids found near Hawaii and California. an opinion founded on Yideotaped images of the squid's moutb..and teeth. an opinion based in part on an incident involving one of the squids arAd a submersible. END OF TEST 3 STOP! DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL TOLD TO DO SO. .DO NOT RETURN TO A PREVIOUS TEST. AGf47A 37