SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

Chapter 106

2023.12 : E (analysis included)

READING 1 · 27 questions

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The National Heritage Fellowship was created to honor exceptional folk and traditional artists in the United States for their `____` .The Navajo (Diné) basket weaver Mary Holiday Black was chosen for the fellowship because she has contributed so much to the arts.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

AachievementsBpredictionsCsuspicions
Dassumptions

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Some pieces of music might have many meanings-the compositions of Delia Derbyshire can______ as many different interpretations as there are people to listen to them---and so as long as a listener's interpretation isn't willfully absurd or the result of inattention, it is difficult to justify the claim that the listener has misunderstood the piece.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

ApartitionBrefuteCcounteractDyield

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The following text is from Virginia Woolf's 1919 novel Night and Day.The text describes a gathering of aspiring young artists and intellectuals. One person after another rose, and, as with an ill balanced axe, attempted to hew out his conception of art a little more clearly, and sat down with the feeling that, for some reason which he could not grasp, his strokes had gone awry. As they sat down they turned almost invariably to the person sitting next them, and rectified and continued what they had just said in public.

As used in the text, what does the figurative phrase "hew out" most nearly mean?

AVacateBMimicCVisualize
DDefine

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The following text is from Betty Smith's 1943 novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn. Francie, a young girl, visits the library often. Francie thought that all the books in the world were in that library and she had a plan about reading all the books in the world. She was reading a book a day in alphabetical order and not skipping the dry ones. She remembered that the first author had been Abbott. She had been reading a book a day for a long time now and she was still in the B's. Already she had read about bees and buffaloes, Bermuda vacations and Byzantine architecture. For all her enthusiasm, she had to admit that some of the B's had been hard going. But Francie was a reader.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

ATo illustrate Francie's enjoyment of an unusual topicBTo explain why Francie prefers reading over other activitiesCTo portray Francie's determination to meet a goalDTo describe a book that Francie greatly admires

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The following text is adapted from Adib Khorram's 2018 novel Darius the Great Is Not Okay.Darius, a teenager from the United States, is visiting his grandparents, Mamou and Babou, and other family members in Iran. I was too tired to fall all the way asleep, and even though Mamou was soft and warm, leaning up against her wasn't a terribly comfortable position to sleep in. So I dozed and floated on the clouds of Farsi that blew my way from the front seat of Dayi [Uncle] Jamsheed's SUV. It reminded me of when I was little, and Mom chanted to me in Farsi every night before bedtime. It's hard to describe Farsi chanting: the way Mom drew her voice out like the notes of a cello as she recited poems by Rumi or Hafez. I didn't know what they meant, but that didn't matter. It was quiet and soothing.

Which choice best describes the main purpose of the text?

ATo name some of the narrator's favorite poets who wrote in FarsiBTo describe a situation the narrator thinks is annoyingCTo connect a current experience to a memory from the narrator's pastDTo indicate that the narrator's mother wants to be a poet

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The Stowe House in Hartford, Connecticut, is the house where Harriet Beecher Stowe lived for over twenty years and wrote her novel Poganuc People. Now the house is a museum dedicated to Stowe's life and writings. Visitors travel to this museum to feel more connected to an author they admire. To encourage that sense of connection, the museum's curators have set up exhibits with furniture from the period and Stowe's possessions. Such exhibits help visitors understand day to-day life in the house where Stowe felt inspired.

Which choice best states the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

AIt recounts the history of a place mentioned in the previous sentence.BIt states the current purpose of a building mentioned in the previous sentence.CIt recommends the works of an author mentioned in the previous sentenceDIt summarizes the career of an author mentioned in the previous sentence.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

On painter William H. Johnson's return to the United States in 1938 after a decade in Europe, his style underwent an abrupt transformation. Turning away from landscapes painted in an expressionist style a style that often involves using fluid, distorted shapes and thick, textured brushstrokes to express the artist's subjective experience of reality-Johnson began painting portraits of Black Americans in a bold new way. Evocative of African sculpture and American and Scandinavian folk art, these portraits feature flat, deliberately oversimplified figures in a vibrant but limited color palette.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

It elaborates on the previous sentence's statement about a transitional moment in Johnson's artistic career.

It provides information about Iohnson's travels in support of a claim about his artistic influences, which is advanced in the following sentence.

It recounts a moment in Johnson's personal life that enabled the success of his subsequent career, which is summarized in the following sentence.

It presents evidence that calls into question the previous sentence's characterization of Tohnson's artistic development.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

In a study by Mika R. Moran, Daniel A. Rodriguez, and
colleagues, residents of Quito, Ecuador, and Bogotá,
Colombia, were surveyed about parks in their cities. Of
the 618 respondents from Quito, 82.9% indicated that
they use the city's parks, and of the 1,121 respondents
from Bogotá, 71.9% indicated using city parks. Given that
the percentage of Quito respondents who reported living
within a 10-minute walk of a park was much lower than
that reported by Bogotá respondents, greater proximity
alone can't explain the difference in park use.
The text makes which point about the difference between
the proportions of Quito residents and Bogotá residents
using parks?

AIt was much larger than the researchers conducting the
study expected.
BIt could be due to inaccuracies in the survey results.
CIt was calculated using sources that predate the
survey.
DIt is caused by something other than the parks'
proximity to city residents.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

External shopping cues are a type of marketing that
uses obvious messaging a display featuring a new
product, for example, or a "buy one, get one free" offer-to
entice consumers to make spontaneous purchases. In a
study, data scientist Sam K. Hui and colleagues found
that this effect can also be achieved with a less obvious
cue: rearranging a store's layout. The researchers
explain that trying to find items in new locations causes
shoppers to move through more of the store, exposing
them to more products and increasing the likelihood that
they'll buy an item they hadn't planned on purchasing.
Which response from a survey given to shoppers who made a
purchase at a retail store best supports the researchers'
explanation?

A"I needed to buy some cleaning supplies, but they weren't in
their regular place.While I was looking for them, I saw this
interesting notebook and decided to buy it, too."
B"I didn't buy everything on my shopping list today. I couldn't
find a couple of the items in the store, even though I looked all
over for them."
C"The store sent me a coupon for a new brand of soup, so I
came here to find out what kinds of soup that brand offers. I
decided to buy a few cans because I had the coupon."
D"This store is larger than one that's closer to where I live,
and it carries more products. I came here to buy some things
that the other store doesn't always have."

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The Chickasaw Nation, the Seminole Nation, and the more than thirty other tribes in Oklahoma operate numerous businesses and generate billions of dollars in revenue. An economics student is researching the tribes collective activity as a single industry. The

student wants to compare the average amount that industry contributed per employee to Oklahoma's economy with the average amount contributed per employee by three other industries. Looking at the table, the student finds that tribal economic activity
contributed over $141,000 per employee, on average, ranking it

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the comparison?

Aabove either retail or manufacturing and nearly equal to transportation/warehousing.Babove all three of the other industries listed in the table.C

below transportation/warehousing but above both manufacturing and retail.

Dbelow all three of the other industries listed in the table.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Studies of the population density of cougars (Puma concolor) have yielded a range of results, which may in part reflect natural variations in the resources that cougars need to survive. For example, the difference between the maximum population density reported by Randy D. Johnson and that reported by David M. Choate et al. may indicate that

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to

complete the example?

Acougar habitat makes up a greater proportion of the overall land area in Utah than is the case in North Dakota.Bthe cougar habitat in North Dakota cannot support as many individuals as can the cougar habitat in Utah.Cthe cougar habitat in Montana can support more than
20 individuals per 100 square kilometers.
Dthere are more cougars overall in both Bolivia and Montana than there are in North Dakota.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Biologist Rosanna Alegado believes that we might
learn how multicellular organisms developed from single
celled ones if we understand why the single-celled
organism Salpingoeca rosetta, the oldest living relative of
animals, sometimes forms colonies of cells.
Alegado and colleagues reviewed data from many
studies about how S, rosetta responds when exposed to
another type of single-celled organism, bacteria,
including Ingrid Brettar's work with Aquiflexum balticum
bacteria and Jang-Cheon Cho's work with Croceibacter
Atlanticus bacteria. Alegado and colleagues concluded
that neither A, balticum nor C, atlanticus are likely to
have played a significant role in the development of
multicellular organisms.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support
Alegado and colleagues conclusion?

AS rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed to A,
balticum, but not when exposed to C, atlanticus.
BS rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed to A,
balticum and when exposed to C, atlanticus.
CS rosetta tended to form colonies when exposed to C,
atlanticus, but not when exposed to A, balticum.
DS rosetta did not tend to form colonies when exposed
to either A, balticum or C, atlanticus.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

It is common for freshwater lakes near or above a latitude of 45°
north of the equator, like Bosten Lake in China, to accumulate
surface ice in winter. The amount and duration of ice depends on
many factors, including local weather conditions as well as the lake's
depth, volume, and surface area, but a climate researcher claims
that some lakes in these latitudes have seen a decline in the duration
of ice between the early 1980s and the mid-2000s.
Which choice best describes data in the table that support the
researcher's claim?

ALake Baikal had more days of ice in the winter of 2005-06 than it
did in the winter of 1980-81.
BNäckten had fewer days of ice in the winter of 2005-06 than it did
in the winter of 1980-81.
CNäckten is at a higher latitude than Lake Kegonsa and typically
had more days of ice per winter than Lake Kegonsa did.
DNäckten is at a higher latitude than Lake Kegonsa and
typically had fewer days of ice per winter than Lake Kegonsa did.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Architects looking for inspiration may examine photographs of iconic buildings such as Centre Pompidou in Paris. A two-dimensional photograph, however, cannot capture how a building interacts with its surroundings, whether by complementing, blending in

with, or perhaps even clashing with sights and activities nearby. An image of Centre Pompidou thus `__`

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Aserves to exaggerate the building's historical importance.Bconceals the subtle deterioration of the building's materials.Cmisrepresents how the building is perceived by people who have never visited Paris.Dfails to convey the full impact of the building's design and structure.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

The Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) seeks to discover long-term trends related to aging by compiling and analyzing evidence from approximately 66,000 participants in multiple countries.As with most longitudinal studies, extensive funding support is needed for SAGE to collect the relevant data over timescales and at intervals that will support robust conclusions. But the quality of a more constrained

investigation, such as a sociology study seeking only to yield the average age at which people in a given city first become parents, is much less dependent on high levels

of funding because `__`

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Athe sociology study is unlikely to be able to recruit 66,000 participantsBsuch studies are likely to be a lower priority for funding than SAGE.Cexpanding the scope of such studies is unlikely to be feasible.Dsuch studies are not trying to identify trends over time.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Anthropologist Lívia Barbosa, of the Universidade Federal Fluminense in Brazil,______ food and sociability in contemporary Brazil specifically, how foods such as pão de queijo (a cheese-flavored bun) and paçoca (a peanut and sugar candy) function as central mechanisms in building social relationships, values, and identities.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Aare studying
Bstudies
CstudyDhave studied

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

At 3,033 years old, CMC 3, a giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) located in the United States, was one of the oldest known trees in the world. With over three millennia of climate data in its tree rings,a single tree like this, claims Valerie Trouet, can

tell the history of the world.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

AdendrochronologistBdendrochronologist,Cdendrochronologist:
DDendrochronologist-

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Julia Alvarez's 1994 novel In the Time of the
Butterflies, a fictionalized account of the lives of the
Mirabal ______ can serve as a starting point for those
wanting to explore how the rule of dictator Rafael Trujillo
has been represented in Dominican American literature.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?

Asisters, and
Bsisters and
Csisters,
Dsisters

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Scholars have praised Gwendolyn Brooks's 1960

poem "The Egg Boiler" for its nuanced portrayal of life in

Brooks's South Side Chicago neighborhood. The poem

shouldn't be regarded as being simply a product of

Brooks's________the breadth of the poet's influences,

which range from medieval English ballads to the poetry

of Emily Dickinson and Paul Laurence Dunbar.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

the conventions of Standard English?

Asurroundings; though, consideringBsurroundings, though; consideringCsurroundings, though, consideringDsurroundings, though. Considering

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Sociologist Alton Okinaka sits on the review board
tasked with adding new sites to the Hawaii Register of
Historic Places, which includes Grove Farm, established
in 1864, and the Kauai Belt Road, a section of Route 560
along the north coast. Okinaka doesn't make such
decisions single-handedly,______ historical designations
must be approved by a group of nine other experts.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to
the conventions of Standard English?

Ahowever and allBhowever. All
Chowever allDhowever, all

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

After appropriate permissions are granted, a typical
archaeological dig begins with a surveyor making a
detailed grid of the excavation site. Then, the site is
carefully dug, and any artifacts found are recorded and
mapped onto the site grid.______ the artifacts are
removed, cataloged, and analyzed in a laboratory.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
transition?

AFor instance,
BOn the contrary,
CEarlier,
DFinally,

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

To guarantee the validity of experimental results,
scientists rely on precise, unchanging standards of
measurement.______ metrologists (scientists who study
measurement) developed the SI, or International System
of Units. The SI's units of measurement are based on
unchanging values in nature, such as the mass of an
electron or the speed of light.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical
transition?

AIn contrast,
BRegardless,
CIn addition,
DFor this reason,

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

Soil polluted with cadmium (a heavy metal) is harmful to many plants and animals, but the plant species Elodea canadensis, or Canadian waterweed, not only thrives in

such conditions but also helps remediate them. As a metal hyperaccumulator, Elodea canadensis absorbs a large amount of cadmium and stores it safely in its roots

and shoots; `__` cadmium concentrations in the soil decrease.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical

transition?

Aspecifically,Bin turn,Cnevertheless,Din addition,

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes:
• Iranian scholar Abu Rayhan al-Biruni studied Earth's
physical features.
• He theorized that a large landmass existed west of
Europe and east of Asia.
• Al-Biruni published his landmass theory in 1037 CE.
The student wants to specify when al-Biruni published his
landmass theory. Which choice most effectively uses
relevant information from the notes to accomplish this
goal?

AIn 1037 CE, al-Biruni published his theory that a large
landmass existed west of Europe and east of Asia.
BAl-Biruni, who studied Earth's physical features,
published a theory about a large landmass.
CAl-Biruni was an Iranian scholar who studied Earth's
physical features.
DAn Iranian scholar who studied Earth's physical
features, al-Biruni theorized that a large landmass
existed west of Europe and east of Asia.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

• Jean-Michel Basquiat was an American artist who
produced more than two thousand drawings and
paintings.
• His work Masonic Lodge was completed in 1983
and sold at auction in 2008.
• Masonic Lodge is composed of acrylic and oil stick
on canvas and measures 6,728 square inches in
area.
• His work MP was completed in 1984 and sold at
auction in 2020.
• MP is composed of acrylic and paper collage on
canvas and measures 5,848 square inches in
area.
Which choice most effectively uses information from the
given sentences to emphasize how the two works are
similar?

AArtist Jean-Michel Basquiat's work Masonic Lodge is
composed of acrylic and oil stick, while MP is composed
of acrylic and paper collage.
BBetween artist Jean-Michel Basquiat's works Masonic
Lodge and MP, the former is the larger of the two.
CComposed by artist Jean-Michel Basquiat in 1983 and
1984, respectively, both Masonic Lodge and MP use
acrylic paint as a medium.
DArtist lean Michel Basquiat completed Masonic Lodge
in 1983, and MP followed in 1984.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

• Birds of Northern South America is an identification
guidebook by ornithologistsRobin Restall,
Clemencia Rodner, and Miguel Lentino.
• It lists the thirty-five hummingbird species found in
Suriname.
• The sooty-capped hermit is a large hummingbird
found in Suriname.
• It is identifiable by its distinctive facial markings and
its long, black, curved bill.
• The amethyst woodstar is a small hummingbird
found in Suriname.It is identifiable by its green
back and its short, black, straight bill.
Which choice most effectively uses information from the
given sentences to emphasize a difference between the
two birds?

AIdentifiable by its long, black, curved bill and its
distinctive facial markings, the sooty-capped hermit is a
large hummingbird found in Suriname.
BThe sooty-capped hermit and the amethyst woodstar
are two of the thirty-five hummingbird species found in
Suriname.
CThe amethyst woodstar is a small hummingbird
identifiable by its green back and its short, black, straight
bill.
DThough they share several traits in common, the sooty
capped hermit is larger than the amethyst woodstar.

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Chapter 106 · 2023.12 : E (analysis included) · READING 1

While researching a topic, a student has taken the
following notes:
• Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona in Barcelona,
Spain, is home to a Foucault pendulum.
• The pendulum consists of a weighted ball that
swings at the end of a roughly 7-meter-long cable.
• Like all Foucault pendulums, it dangles from a fixed
point that ensures the swing path of the pendulum
doesn't change.
• To an observer, the swing path of a Foucault
pendulum appears to change over time because
Earth rotates beneath it.
• Foucault pendulums are used as a simple way to
provide evidence of Earth's rotation.
The student wants to explain how a Foucault pendulum provides
evidence of Earth's rotation. Which choice most effectively uses
relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

AA Foucault pendulum, which consists of a weighted ball at the
end of a long cable, provides evidence of Earth's rotation.
BIn Barcelona, Spain, a Foucault pendulum at Universidad
Autónoma de Barcelona provides evidence of Earth's rotation.
CThe Foucault pendulum at Universidad Autónoma de
Barcelona in Barcelona, Spain, swings on an unchanging path,
but Earth rotates beneath it.
DThough it swings on an unchanging path, a Foucault pendulum
appears to change its swing path over time because Earth rotates
beneath it.

READING 1 · 27 questions

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