SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

Commercial truck drivers sometimes transport temperature-sensitive goods like fresh produce through a variety of external conditions that can affect temperature inside cargo areas, __________ the use of specialized equipment to continuously and automatically monitor and adjust refrigeration settings to prevent the goods from spoiling.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is from Lilliam Rivera's 2020 novel Never Look Back. The text describes the narrator looking around his father's apartment.

 

Pops's pride and joy is his wall of towering bookshelves. He once said you can tell a man's worth by the number of books he owns. I guess this means Pops is overflowing with riches because ever since I can remember I was never without a book within reach.

 

As used in the text, what does the word "tell" most nearly mean?

In addition to the giant stock exchanges in places like London, Mumbai, and Tokyo, there are many smaller exchanges such as the Beirut Stock Exchange in Beirut, Lebanon. Though small, by being dedicated to Lebanon, it can better address factors that help local businesses_________, and that focus on the success of local businesses benefits investors and the local economy.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Beláná Moesáry, who traveled solo to four continents in the early 1900s, undoubtedly accomplished much, but her place in our historical memory is perhaps more_________than that of a noteworthy "first" such as Adeline and Augusta Van Buren, who were the first women to ride solo motorcycles across the continental United States, a deed for which they will always be remembered.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Founded in Denver in 1991, the Museo de Las Americas is dedicated to art from Latin America, including the art of Indigenous peoples. Since its founding, it has acquired more than 4,800 objects for its permanent collection. More recently founded US-based institutions devoted to Latino cultures include LA Plaza de Cultura y Artes. Located in Los Angeles, it focuses on Mexican American art and culture.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

Through the Urban Wildlife Information Network, citizen scientists systematically document animals they observe in metropolitan areas. Participants record not just which species they see but also the species' behaviors and nearby urban features, such as artificial lighting, buildings, and green spaces. The resulting database helps researchers understand how animals adapt to human-dominated landscapes and informs city planning and conservation efforts that benefit both people and wildlife.

What does the text indicate is a benefit of the information collected by participants in the Urban Wildlife Information Network?

Researchers Cesar A. Hidalgo, Elisa Castafner, and Andres Sevtsuk created a computer model to predict the mix of movie theaters, gyms, and other businesses found in a given neighborhood. How we define a neighborhood and its boundaries is subjective, so the team used a clustering algorithm to locate dense groupings of amenities that represent human-identified neighborhoods like Boston's Harvard Square. The predictive model, which incorporates this algorithm, is sure to be invaluable in determining the optimal mix of a city's amenities.

 

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Scientists collected information about brown bears in Katmai National Park in Alaska. This information included each bear's sex, age, and approximate weight. The bear with the lowest approximate weight shown in the table was a _________.

 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

A study of commercial airline routes that carried the greatest number of passengers in 2017 and 2018 shows that, in general, domestic routes (routes within a single country) carried many more passengers than international routes. However, a few international routes were so popular that they carried more travelers than some of the most highly traveled domestic routes, as can be seen when comparing the_________.

 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the example?

Poems is an 1895 collection of poetry by Frances E. W. Harper. In one of Harper's poems, the speaker declares her intention to create art that has a universal appeal across generations, saying, _________.

Which quotation from Poems most effectively illustrates the claim?

The writer and illustrator of Tales from Moominvalley (1948) and many other Moomin stories for children didn't initially set out to be known as a children's author, While Tove Jansson accomplished a great deal as a painter and cartoonist, she became widely popular as the creator of the Moomin characters she is still best remembered for today—Moomintroll, Whomper, and other eccentric figures. A student who is researching children's literature asserts that even though this outcome wasn't what Jansson had intended, she committed to the role she found herself in.

 

Which statement, if true, would best illustrate the student's claim in the underlined text?

 

Ethnographers have spent decades analyzing the traditional songs of indigenous peoples around the world. Only recently, however, have ethnographers started to recognize that many Indigenous songs encode and transmit valuable ecological knowledge-citing, for instance, songs of the Kwakwaka'wakw people in British Columbia, Canada, that share vital information about clam gardens, and those of the Kazakh people in Bayan-Ölgii, Mongolia, that explain the quality of foraging and water in different locations. It seems likely, therefore, that ethnographers may want to ________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The British Bronze Age began when sophisticated metalworking was introduced to the British Isles around 2500 BCE, and it lasted until around 700 BCE. Collections of Bronze Age metal items (called hoards) have been found all over Britain, and while most of the objects found in these hoards are weapons or tools, some are purely decorative. Hoards such as the Horsehope Craig hoard included bronze weapons and jewelry, but a few included objects made of gold, such as the Whalley hoard, which contained bronze weapons and gold jewelry. As ancient metalsmiths in Britain gained knowledge from working metals like bronze, they were able to apply those skills to work other metals as well, but it's not surprising that few hoards contained gold because __________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The process by which Colombian emeralds are created depends on specialized geological conditions, the gems typically _________ as hydrothermal fluids interact with carbon-rich black shales.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Japanese bonsai artist Masashi Hirao has crafted an approach that transforms the acts of pruning, wiring, and planting into dynamic public performances. Audiences are entertained as they watch his creative process unfold, with Hirao rhythmically __________ trees to music.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

There are numerous island nations and territories in the South Pacific region of _______ them the Bismarck Archipelago, an island territory that is part of Papua New Guinea.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Early electronic telecommunications systems, like telegraphy, could only transmit basic text. The facsimile (or fax) system, developed in the 1980s, coupled rapid message transmission with the ability to accurately render formatting and _______ in legal transactions, for example, signed documents could now be transmitted across continents in minutes.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Given that industry—water and electricity being two well-known examples—carries substantial upfront infrastructural start-up costs and other inherent characteristics that naturally preclude effective competition, ______ of just one or two suppliers in a given municipality. Such economic structures are known as natural monopolies.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to conventions of Standard English?

Fulfilling their myriad duties with grace and goodwill, _________ in 2019.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Three-dimensional scanning, used by digital artists to develop 3D assets for video games, yields objects with precise mathematical proportions. Granted, as they are formed from perfect geometric shapes, such 3D elements lack organic realism; __________ post-modeling processes such as software rendering are needed to achieve the level of verisimilitude gamers expect.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

The star Wezen is unvaryingly bright, consistently ranking as one of the brightest stars in the sky (Wezen ranked 36th on a recent list). By contrast, the brightness of the red giant Betelgeuse varies considerably. Indeed, between April and June 2023, Betelgeuse became an astonishing 40% brighter; ______ its ranking rose from 10th to 7th.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

When the first railroads were built in Australia, engineers warned against using multiple track widths across the continent. ______ officials couldn't agree on a single-width system. Thus, in Victoria, railways, like the Victorian Goldfields Railway, were made with wide tracks, while those in New South Wales were built with narrow tracks.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

 

·A merchant vessel is any ship hired to carry cargo or passengers.

·Common merchant vessels include bulk carriers, cruise liners, and oil tankers

·A vessel's carrying capacity is also known as its deadweight tonnage (DWT).

·In 2021, there were a total of 927 merchant vessels registered in the United Kingdom.

·The combined DWT of these vessels was 12.1 million tons.

 

The student wants to explain what a merchant vessel is and provide examples. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

 

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

 

·Prehistoric rock art in the Kimberley region of Australia consists of several distinct styles across various time periods.

·Irregular Infill Animal Period (IIAP) rock art from 13,000 to 17,000 years ago consists of naturalistic animal figures showing detailed features and a variety of poses.

·Gwion rock art from 12,000 to 14,000 years ago features elaborately ornamented anthropomorphic figures.

·Wanjina rock art from up to 5,000 years ago features human ancestor figures along with animal motifs.

·A 2025 study of Kimberley rock art by Ana Paula Motta et al. identified 98 figures depicting outlines of animal forms with simple anatomical details and posed predominantly in profile.

·The study's superimposition analysis showed that these Linear Naturalistic Figures (LNF) consistently appear on top of Gwion and underneath Wanjina figures.

 

The student wants to make and support a claim about the LNF rock art style based on Motta et al.'s study. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

 

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

 

·Microtus bavaricus is a mammal species.

·It was believed to be extinct until a living specimen was identified in Germany in 2000.

·Dysphania pusilla is a plant species.

·It was believed to be extinct until a living specimen was identified in New Zealand in 2015.

·They are considered Lazarus species.

·"Lazarus species" is a term for living species of organisms that were once believed to be extinct.

 

The student wants to specify where Microtus bavaricus was identified. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

 

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

 

·In 2011, Keller and Schubert asked thirty-five musicians to rate syncopated and unsyncopated rhythms for complexity, arousal, tension, happiness, and enjoyment.

·Keller and Schubert: Syncopation "produces expectancy violations...by emphasizing weak temporal locations and de-emphasizing strong locations."

·Keller and Schubert: "Complexity, arousal, and tension ratings did not correlate significantly with enjoyment...[but] happiness ratings did."

·Keller and Schubert: "Syncopated rhythms were enjoyed more and considered happier than unsyncopated rhythms."

·Ethan Hein: "If you place your rhythmic accents where listeners expect them, then the music gets boring fast. If you place them where listeners don't expect them, that's where the fun starts."

 

The student wants to connect one of Keller and schubert's findings to Hein's argument, Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?