SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

 ●The United States has designated more than 500 areas National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs).

 ●Some NWRs were established specifically to protect endangered species.

 ●The Crocodile Lake NWR is a 6,686-acre area in Florida.

 ●It was established to protect the endangered American crocodile.

 ●The Pearl Harbor NWR is a 61-acre area in Hawaii.

 ●It was established to protect the endangered Hawailan stilt.

The student wants to emphasize a similarity between the two NWRs. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

●Epazoyucan is a municipality in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico.

●Municipalities are governmental regions responsible for providing many public services to their residents.

●One service they provide is traffic control.

●Epazoyucan covers an area of roughly 140 km².

●Hidalgo is divided into 84 municipalities.

The student wants to emphasize the size of Epazoyucan. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

As a federalist, New York physician and writer Charles McKnight favored the US Constitution's provisions for a strong centralized government and supported the document's ratification; _______ essays he published in the New-York Journal in December 1787 under the pseudonym "Examiner" disparaged the arguments of the anti-federalists, who opposed the Constitution's adoption.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Generally, sleek vehicles are more aerodynamic than bulkier ones. For example, the streamlined nose of the Airbus A320 jet helps it glide through wind with relative ease. _________ a boxy semitruck encounters more wind resistance, making it less aerodynamic.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

In Panama, citizens must be at least 18 years old to vote in their country's elections. ______ citizens in the Isle of Man need only be 16 years old to cast their vote.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Nineteenth-century Modernista architects championed nature in their designs. Granted, the dramatic archways and botanical glasswork of Palau Mornau, a Modernista private home designed by Manuel Raspall, couldn't exactly grow in a forest. ______ one sees natural influences in Raspall's penchant for curves (rather than right angles) and plant- and animal-inspired flourishes.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Russian-born visual artist Helga Stentzel turns household items into strange and surprising works of art. In her prints, tan sweatpants take on the form of a camel as they dangle from a ______ the red handles of a pair of pliers become the thongs of flip flops-flip flops made of nails. This "household surrealism," Stentzel says, "is about finding magic in the mundane."

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

For the past 20 million years, Earth's magnetic poles in the far north and far south have remained roughly where they are today. This has not always been the ___ throughout geologic history, Earth's magnetic poles have swapped places several times through a process called polar wandering.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The Austronesian language family comprises some 1,200 languages---including the__________Madurese and Bikol, which are spoken by 14 million and 4.6 million speakers, respectively---and accounts for one-fifth of the world's languages, making it of keen interest to linguists like Diane Massam.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Synthesized calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaPNPs) can be used to improve the healing and regeneration of broken bones; this function, well suited for multiple medical applications, _______from the biocompatible properties of these particles.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Portrait of Marquess Massimitlano Stampa is one of dozens of remaining works by the Italian Renaissance artist Sofonisba Anguissola._____ in 1557, her painting can now be found at the Walters Art Museum in Baltimore.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

It is hard for publishers and printers to create very long books that balance the requirements of readability, durability, and cost. Among some exceptionally long novels published in English, Haruki Murakami's 1Q84 (translated from Japanese) was published in a 1,157-page edition and runs to an estimated 407,000 words, while John Sayles's A Moment in the Sun (written originally in English) was published in a 1,100-page edition and runs to an estimated 625,000 words. This indicates that _____.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Humans are overwhelmingly right-hand dominant (85-90%) and can thus be said to exhibit strong population-level right handedness (PLRH). Among studies of nonhuman primates, Margaret E. Redshaw's 1993 study of captive gorillas purported to show PLRH, while Jane Goodall's 1963 study of wild chimpanzees did not. Overall, the studies claiming PLRH in nonhuman primates find much lower incidences of right-handedness than humans exhibit, but it's worth noting that studies of captive primates tend to show significantly greater incidences of right-handedness than studies of wild primates do, therefore raising the possibility that ______.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Researchers investigated how enjoyment of a story is affected when it has been spoiled (when the reader has foreknowledge of an important plot development). As part of the study, participants rated their enjoyment of one story that was spoiled before they read it and one story that was unspoiled. For each story, participants who had been given a spoiler reported greater enjoyment than did those who hadn't received a spoiler. But the degree of this difference varied across the stories, as is best illustrated by the enjoyment ratings for __ .

Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to complete the statement?

The small white heron and the small dark heron are long-legged birds that live in wetlands, like the Everglades in Florida, Laura D'Acunto and colleagues wanted to know how these birds choose an area in which to live. They looked at features of the birds' habitats, such as the geographic location of the area and how deep the water is during breeding season. They found that although only small white herons prefer areas with deep water during breeding season, both small white herons and small dark herons prefer areas that have standing water for more than 60 days per year. The researchers therefore concluded that neither species is very drawn to areas where ______.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Michelle Pereira et al. hypothesized that introducing health improvements into workplaces would increase productivity by reducing absenteeism (sick employees not working) and presenteeism (sick workers working less productively due to illness). Pereira's team enrolled groups of Australian workers in two programs: one that gave employees exercise training (EET) and one that enrolled employees in health promotion seminars (EHP). They then calculated the productivity loss of those groups at 12 weeks and 12 months after the programs began (based on the 28 days preceding each point). They concluded that exercise training was more effective at restraining productivity loss than health promotion seminars were, though this result took time to become apparent.

Which choice best describes data from the table that most effectively strengthen Pereira and colleagues' conclusion?

For years, Christopher Clavius's 1593 work Astrolabium had the earliest known evidence of a decimal point, which was in a sine table's interpolation column. However, math historian Glen Van Brummelen posited that Venetian merchant Giovanni Bianchini, who worked as an astrological consultant, used the mathematical symbol approximately 150 years before Clavius did. Van Brummelen asserts that in his role as a consultant.Bianchini used trigonometry to calculate the coordinates of the planets, and these calculations contain the earliest example of the decimal point.

Which finding, if true, would most directly support the underlined claim?

While doing research for a paper about metal exports, a student finds information about copper mining in different countries in 1995 and 2020. The student notes that Chile produced 2.49 million metric tons of copper in 1995 and _ .

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

The soil on Mars can make missions to explore the planet challenging, as the sand and dust are known to clog filters and lock moving parts on robotic rovers and other exploration devices. Using simulants, which are materials designed to simulate different planetary surfaces, scientists are able to study the characteristics of Mars's surface. Simulants like the Mars Mojave simulant---which was developed using lava deposits from California's Mojave Desert---help scientists evaluate how well their devices will handle the surface when operated on Mars.

Based on the text, what is one reason why simulants are valuable for scientists?

In 2013 Bridie J.M. Allan and colleagues published a study concluding that ocean acidification has a strong effect on the behavior of Pomacentrus amboinensis, a species of fish. However, Allan and colleagues' study relied on a mean sample size of only about 18 fish. In a 2022 review of various scientists' conclusions about the impacts of ocean acidification on fish behavior, Timothy D. Clark and colleagues caution that relying on such a relatively small sample size can increase the potential for blased analysis. Such analysis, in turn, can contribute to reports of exaggerated effects.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text?

Ceremony, the 1977 novel by Laguna Pueblo author Leslie Marmon Silko, is typical of Native fiction written during the 1960s and 1970s. During that period, Silko and her peers wrote realistic and deeply serious portrayals of life in tribal communities. Recently, however, younger Native writers have embraced popular genres known for being entertaining and suspenseful, such as fantasy and horror. Anishinaabe author Nathan Adler is a figure in this movement. Their 2016 novel Wrist is a work of horror fiction.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

Having trouble getting rid of weeds? One surprising solution may be to start eating them. Curly dock and broadleaf plantain are two edible plants that are usually considered weeds in North America. These and other plants like them are sometimes more flavorful than are some plants that people grow as food.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

Today's theater stages are frequently filled with props and scenery to immerse the audience in a play's world. Because theatergoers have grown used to carefully designed sets, plays with few visual elements can surprise audiences. But simple, unadorned stages were likely ______ audiences in the very distant past: highly decorated and detailed sets were not common until the 1600s.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction is a crowdsourced project started in 2001 by lexicographer Jesse Sheidlower to record terms that originated in science fiction. Volunteers share digitized excerpts from personal collections of sci-fi magazines not typically preserved in libraries---______ that allow the earliest uses of phrases such as "warp speed" (1952) to be identified and added to the dictionary.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is from Amy Tan's 1989 novel The Joy Luck Club. The narrator describes practicing the piano when she was a child.

For the talent show, I was to play a piece called "Pleading Child" from Schumann's Scenes from Childhood. It was a simple, moody piece that sounded more difficult than it was. I was supposed to memorize the whole thing, playing the repeat parts twice to make the plece sound longer. But I dawdled over it, playing a few bars and then cheating, looking up to see what notes followed. I never really listened to what I was playing. I daydreamed about being somewhere else, about being someone else.

1989 by Amy Tan

Based on the text, when the narrator describes herself as "cheating," what does she most likely mean?

The Apollo Moon landings (1969-1972) brought radiation detectors and equipment too heavy for liftoff to the Moon and produced large amounts of data. Researcher Philip Metzger, who is investigating the long-term effects of being on the Moon, continues to use Apollo's data, demonstrating that the missions' value to science is______.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?