SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

The Third-Class Carriage, painted in the realist style by Honore Daumier, depicts working class travelers in a third-class railway car. The realists' emphasis on accurately portraying the experiences of average working people was largely a rejection of the romantic style evident in many paintings by Eugène Emmanuel Amaury Pineux Duval, which instead_________their subjects' beauty or heroism while hiding all imperfection.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Maryam Hosseini and her team used aerial images of well-mapped areas of Manhattan to train a computer program to identify sidewalks. When it was tested on images of Brooklyn, it________ identified sidewalks in the vast majority of cases and even whether sidewalks were concrete or cobblestone. Hosseini believes the program will improve on this already-strong performance as it gets used more.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The Chao Phraya River delta is a constantly changing landform made up of a network of distributaries, small channels that branch off from the main river. The delta is shaped and reshaped over time as sediments carried by the river_________where the river meets the Gulf of Thailand, eventually forming new portions of land.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from Daniel Defoe's 1704 nonfiction book The Storm.
The sermon is a sound of words spoken to the ear, and prepared only for present meditation, and extends no farther than the strength of memory can convey it; a book printed is a record; remaining in every man's possession, always ready to renew its acquaintance with his memory, and always ready to be produced as an authority or voucher to any reports he makes out of it, and conveys its contents for ages to come, to the eternity of mortal time, when the author is forgotten in his grave.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The following text is adapted from Pam Muñoz Ryan's 2020 novel Mañanaland. In the village where Max lives, there is an old fortress called La Reina. Children in the village say that the fortress is haunted.
For as long as he could remember, Max had begged Papá [his father) to take him to see La Reina and the ruins up close. He'd be a hero among his friends if he was the first boy to cross the haunted gates! Just because Papá didn't believe in ghosts didn't mean they weren't there.
Maybe this summer Papá would finally take him. He was almost twelve.

Which choice best describes the overall purpose of the text?

In the 1960s, Gloria Richardson led a movement to promote racial equality. Her involvement in this effort was inspired by her daughter, Donna Richardson. In 1961, Donna joined protests organized by the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in Cambridge, Maryland. Following her daughter, Gloria joined these protests too. Gloria soon became the cochair of the Cambridge Nonviolent Action Committee. She was also the leader of what became known as the Cambridge movement.

According to the text, what did Gloria Richardson lead?

Driven to sell as many paintings as possible, Alfred Hair, an influential figure among the landscape artists known as the Florida Highwaymen, pioneered "fast painting," a technique (which in part involved swift applications of paint) that many Highwaymen,including Isaac Knight, adopted. To conclude that this approach accounts for the ethereal qualities now synonymous with the Highwaymen aesthetic is tempting but inaccurate. As Hair's methods weren't universally practiced by his affiliates: Roy McLendon, for example, painted with greater deliberateness but achieved the same effects.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

Cane is a 1923 novel by Jean Toomer. In the novel, Toomer mentions a road in rural Georgia called Dixie Pike and describes it as having a deep connection to a faraway place, writing,________

Which quotation from Cane most effectively illustrates the claim?

Spanning the 1920s to the 1980s, Mexican architect Luis Barragán's prolific career evolved through distinct phases. After traveling to the United States and Europe in the early 1930s and immersing himself in an international architectural discourse, Barragán began incorporating principles derived from functionalism and modernism in his work, as seen in the El Arenal Parish Church, whose unadorned geometric forms contrast with the historically inspired architecture found in the houses for Emiliano Robles León, one of Barragán's early projects in Guadalajara.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

The nearly forty tribes located in Oklahoma, including the Choctaw Nation and the Seminole Nation, operate numerous businesses, employ tens of thousands of people, and generate billions of dollars in revenue. A student in an economics class is researching the tribes' collective activity as a single industry. The student wants to compare that industry's role in Oklahoma in 2017 with the roles of other industries in the state. Looking at a table with information about three industries, the student finds that compared with the other two industries, tribal economic activity________

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the comparison?

Like many other bird species that live only on the Hawaiian archipelago, the Kaua'i 'amakihi has adapted to life in a well-defined habitat, resulting in highly specialized physical and behavioral characteristics that aid the species in survival. However, because the Kaua'i 'amakihi is highly specialized, it is especially vulnerable to environmental changes that can disrupt the delicately balanced ecosystem in which it lives.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

After he finally watched The Maltese Falcon (1941) at last year's annual film festival, the infamously disagreeable film critic wrote a cathing review. Before that, the film he least enjoyed ________ the more recent classic Slumdog Millionaire (2008).

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Inspired by her Ottawa/Pottawatomi/Ojibwe heritage, artist Kelly Church typically uses black ash-a durable and flexible________craft baskets that are both beautiful and whimsical.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The Clouds is a 423 BCE play by Aristophanes, originally written in ancient Greek. At the time, professional intellectuals called sophists taught customers rhetorical techniques to use in public speaking, along with providing instruction in other subjects. In the play, Aristophanes satirizes sophists as teaching students how to be persuasive without regard for what is morally good, as seen when the character_________

Which choice most effectively uses a quotation from a translation of The Clouds to illustrate the claim?

Sheffield United Football Club won more than half its home matches between 1947 and 2003, helping to distinguish the team as a top British professional soccer club. Additionally, Sheffield United, whose home uniform color is mainly red, was more successful in home matches than was Cardiff City Football Club, whose home uniform color is not red. Research has shown that many people associate the color red with power and dominance. Past experiences with red objects such as stop signs can even cause people to respond to the color red with caution and hesitation. These findings, if applicable in the context of athletic competitions, could suggest that in matches played at Sheffield United's home stadium, opponents may have_________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The 1960 founding of the Mexican American Political Association and the 1946 Mendez v. Westminster court decision are regarded as important events in US civil rights________former establishing a Latino rights advocacy group and the latter legally affirming the rights of Latino students.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A government body officially known as the Althing,________

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

New Mexico governor________the first woman to serve in that role in the state's history—took office on January 1, 2011.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Soil polluted with manganese (a heavy metal) is harmful to many plants and animals, but the plant species Typha latifolia, or broadleaf cattail, not only thrives in such conditions but also helps remediate them. As a metal hyperaccumulator, Typha latifolia absorbs a large amount of manganese and stores it safely in its roots and shoots;__________manganes concentrations in the soil decrease.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

When printing paper money for the colony of Pennsylvania in the 1730s, Benjamin Franklin—then a Philadelphia shop owner—took steps to combat the circulation of counterfeit notes, such as weaving blue threads and muscovite (a reflective mineral) into the paper he used. ________he stamped the notes with detailed imprints of sage leaves that proved difficult for forgers to replicate.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Trisyllabic words________as dactyls in English metrical verse, such as "devious" and "particle," consist of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Cane is a 1923 novel by Jean Toomer. In the novel, Toomer mentions a road in rural Georgia called Dixie Pike and describes it as having a deep connection to a faraway place, writing,_________

Which quotation from Cane most effectively illustrates the claim?

· The A.M. Turing Award is a prestigious award given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).

· The ACM gives the award for "major contributions of lasting importance to computing."

· Shafi Goldwasser won the award in 2012 for transformative work that laid the foundations for digital cryptography.

Which choice most effectively uses information from the given sentences to emphasize when Shafi Goldwasser won the A.M. Turing Award?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· The Massasoit National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) is a protected natural
 area in Massachusetts.

· It encompasses 184 acres.

· It was established to safeguard the habitat of the Plymouth red-bellied Iurtle, an endangered species.

· The Massasoit NWR is managed by the US Fish & Wildlife Service.

· The US Fish & Wildlife Service limits human activities in the area.

The student wants to indicate the size of the Massasoit NWR. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· The human tongue contains taste receptors for a rich, savory flavor called umami.

· Umami is triggered by the compounds in a variety of foods, including tuna and soy sauce.

· Participants in a study tasted a sample of sugar kelp, a type of brown seaweed.

· They rated its umami intensity as moderate.

· The participants tasted a sample of ma-konbu, another type of brown seaweed.

· They rated its umami intensity as high.

The student wants to emphasize a difference between the two seaweeds. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· The false killer whale is a mammal species.

· It was believed to be extinct until a living false killer whale was identified in Denmark in 1861.

· The Banggai crow is a bird species.

· It was believed to be extinct until a living Banggai crow was identified in Indonesia in 2007.

· They are considered Lazarus species.

· "Lazarus species" is a term for living species of organisms that were once believed to be extinct.

The student wants to specify when the false killer whale was identified. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?