SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

Many electronic devices, such as laptops and tablets, are designed with sealed cases that make it difficult for users to______the internal components. This design, while sleek, often means that repairs or upgrades require professional service.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

In Swahili, a Bantu language spoken in East Africa, "jua" means "sun," while "jua-jua" means "sunny" or "having lots of sun." This repetition of the root word to indicate intensity or abundance is a form of reduplication. In this case, the root word "jua" is repeated to emphasize the abundance of sunlight. Reduplication is a common feature in many Bantu languages.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

The following text is adapted from William Blake's 1794 poem "The Tyger":
Tyger Tyger, burning bright
In the forests of the night:
What immortal hand or eye,
Could frame thy fearful symmetry?
In what distant deeps or skies.
Burnt the fire of thine eyes?
On what wings dare he aspire?
What the hand, dare seize the fire?

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined phrase in the text as a whole?

Stone carvings created by ancient Monte Alto people of Mesoamerica were often created from magnetized rock. Electromagnetic analysis of these carvings reveals that protruding parts are often more magnetic, suggesting that the sculptors were________magnetic forces and that awareness affected choices made in the sculpture.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The following text is adapted from a novel by Virginia Woolf, where two characters, Julia and Eleanor, are sitting at a café: Julia leaned back in her chair, watching the busy streets, her hand casually reaching across to the table, where a small glass of water stood, untouched. Her fingers brushed the edge before she pulled the glass toward her, her thoughts still lingering on the conversation they had just had.

As used in the text, what does the phrase "reaching across to" most nearly mean?

Many modern architects emphasize eco-friendly designs, incorporating sustainable materials and energy-efficient systems. For instance, the well-known architect Norman Foster frequently integrates green roofs and renewable energy solutions into his buildings. In contrast, architects from earlier in the 20th century, like Frank Lloyd Wright, were more focused on blending structures with their natural surroundings, using local materials. This difference in approach suggests that, in the case of contemporary architects, the prioritization of environmental sustainability tends to _________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The following text is adapted from Amy Lowell's 1914 poem "Fool's
Money Bags."
Outside the long window,
With his head on the stone sill,
The dog is lying,
Gazing at his Beloved.
His eyes are wet and urgent,
And his body is taut and shaking.
It is cold on the terrace;
A pale wind licks along the stone slabs,
But the dog gazes through the glass
And is content.
The Beloved is writing a letter.
Occasionally she speaks to the dog,
But she is thinking of her writing.
Does she, too, give her devotion to one
Not worthy?
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined lines in the text as a whole?

In her study of environmental activism, Dr. Laura Green discusses the significant role that grassroots movements have played in shaping public opinion on climate change. She emphasizes how local organizations often create a sense of urgency around environmental issues by directly involving communities in their efforts. However, Green cautions that while grassroots movements are important, it would be a mistake to assume that they are the only factor driving global environmental change. National and international policy initiatives, along with scientific research, are equally crucial in addressing the climate crisis. Readers who focus exclusively on local activism may risk________.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The bar chart illustrates the average annual increase in health outcomes, as measured by patient recovery rates (%), in three countries---Canada, the United Kingdom, and India---before and after the implementation of universal healthcare reforms. A healthcare policy study contends that such reforms consistently result in improved patient recovery rates across various countries.

Which statement from the choices most effectively challenges the study's claim?

The table below presents a comprehensive overview of healthcare spending per capita (in U.S. dollars) and the corresponding average life expectancy (in years) across a selection of countries in 2021. In evaluating the nuanced relationship between healthcare expenditure and health outcomes, a student observes that Japan invests $4,200 per capita in healthcare, yielding an impressive average life expectancy of 5 years. Conversely, the United States allocates a significantly higher $12,500 per capita, yet reports an average life expectancy of________, prompting further inquiry into the factors influencing this disparity.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

In the course of a class project, a student is undertaking a comparative analysis of the areas of four islands and discovers that Martha's Vineyard encompasses 100.0 square miles. To contextualize this measurement, the student seeks to compare it with the area of Catalina Island. Upon referencing the table, the student determines that the total area of Martha's Vineyard is 100.0 square miles, while the total area of Catalina Island is __________.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the comparison?

Plastic drinking straws have proved nearly impossible to recycle, and compostable alternatives, typically made of unlacquered paper pulp, have the drawback of getting soggy when submerged in water. A team consisting of Dr. Oh Dongyeop, Dr. Kwak Hojung, and Professor Park Jeyoung has claimed to have developed an eco-friendly paper straw that is 100% biodegradable and performs its primary function while submerged in varying temperatures.

Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the team's claim?

Many cities have "fake buildings," which may look like normal houses or apartment complexes, but actually contain something else inside. Although many rumors circulate about the secret purpose of "fake buildings," most exist to provide essential_______power transformers, water pumps, or subway ventilation-in a way that does not affect the look of the neighborhood.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

On March 12, 2023, a multidisciplinary team of researchers, including Dr. Sofia MacMillan, Dr. Evan Hargrove, and Dr. Priya Desai,_____soil samples from remote geothermal sites in Iceland. Preliminary analyses indicated that in the high-temperature vents, the concentration of sulfur was remarkably elevated at 1,200 ppm, whereas in the cooler areas, it was only 250 ppm.

Which choice best completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Famous for their advanced engineering and military tactics, the Romans constructed aqueducts, roads, and fortifications that ________ essential to the empire's ability to control a vast territory spanning three continents.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

In 2005, the acclaimed American author Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, known for her powerful novels such as Half of a Yellow Sun (2006) and Americanah (2013), achieved widespread recognition with her essay We Should All Be Feminists (2012). This work, which explores the intersection of gender and culture, has been praised as______like other feminist texts, it tackles difficult subjects with clarity and grace.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Located on the eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains, the Yungas cloud forests of Bolivia are home to many endemic plants and animals. Herpetologist Teresa Camacho Badani led an expedition into the Yungas to collect specimens of an endangered species of ________ known only from a single individual found in 2009 and nicknamed Romeo, the Sehuencas water frog (Telmatobius yucarare) is now being bred in captivity in an effort to restore the population.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The Romance language family is a branch of the Indo-European language family that evolved from Vulgar Latin, the colloquial form of Latin spoken by the common people in the Roman Empire. The Romance language family includes major languages such as Spanish and Italian, which are spoken predominantly in Spain and Italy, ________these languages have greatly influenced global culture and communication.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

The periodic table is organized based on atomic number, which signifies the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. For example, a gold atom, regardless of its isotopic form, _____79 protons, establishing its identity as the 79th element.

Which choice correctly completes the sentence?

Chemist Stephanie Kwolek________tire materials for the DuPont chemical company when she unexpectedly found a new polymer with fibers that aligned themselves parallel to each other, making this polymer exceptionally strong; later trademarked as Kevlar, her discovery is now used in products from phones to body armor.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

When it was first introduced in the late 19th century, the telephone faced widespread skepticism, as critics doubted its practicality and questioned whether it would ever achieve widespread adoption.________this groundbreaking invention proved its worth, transforming into an indispensable tool of communication and ultimately evolving into the modern smartphone, a device now utilized by billions across the globe to connect, create, and innovate.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), launched in 2021, is designed to observe some of the oldest galaxies in the universe. In its first year of operation, it captured detailed images of exoplanets, star-forming regions, and ancient galaxies billions of light-years away.________, one of its most remarkable discoveries was the detection of water vapor in the atmosphere of an exoplanet, providing new insights into potential habitability beyond Earth.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· Toyin Ojih Odutola is a Nigerian artist well known for portraits that mix charcoal, pastel, and pencil.

· Odutola authored the book The UmuEze Amara Clan and the House Obafemi in 2021.

· The book takes place in a fictional Nigeria untouched by the slave trade or colonialism.

· Odutola blends her visual art with hand-written pages to tell the story of two aristocratic families.

The student wants to introduce The UmuEze Amara Clan and the House Obafemi to an audience unfamiliar with Toyin Ohih Odutola. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world.

· It is home to a wide variety of plant and animal species, many of which are not found anywhere else.

· The rainforest plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate by absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide.

· Deforestation in the Amazon has increased in recent years, threatening biodiversity and contributing to climate change.

· Indigenous communities have lived in the Amazon for thousands of years and are crucial stewards of the land.

The student wants to explain the environmental significance of the Amazon rainforest. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· Adrian Takano is a Mexican muralist based in Monterrey, Mexico.

· Takano's most famous mural depicts a woman wearing a traditional rebozo scarf.

· In the mural, the woman is gazing at the viewer, holding a bouquet of marigolds.

· The background features vivid colors and symbols of Mexican culture, such as sugar skulls and papel picado.

The student wants to articulate the actions depicted in Takano's mural to an audience already familiar with his work. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· Franz Joseph Haydn was an Austrian-born classical composer of symphonies and concertos.

· In 1798, he completed the composition The Creation, which depicts biblical stories from the Book of Genesis.

· A prominent feature of the composition is that different choral soloists represent Adam and Eve.

· Another prominent feature is tone painting, a technique by which music depicts narrative elements.

The student wants to introduce the composition The Creation to an audience already familiar with Franz Joseph Haydn. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?