SAT Pastpaper with Solutions

Farmhouse Interior, painted in the realist style by Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch, depicts a peasant woman knitting at a table while a cat sits underneath. The realists' emphasis on accurately portraying the experiences of average working people was largely a rejection of the romantic style evident in many paintings by Pierre-Auguste Cot, which instead_________their subjects' beauty or heroism while hiding all imperfection.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

Though most hoaxes perpetrated as jokes by mischievous users of Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia that almost anyone can freely edit, have quickly been detected and removed, a few entries that knowledgeable readers should have realized were________, such as those for the town of Stone Ridge, Maryland, and the 18th-century forestry magnate Guillermo Garcia, persisted on the site for many years before they were finally recognized as falsehoods and deleted.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

The discoverers of the minor planet 713 Luscinia named it after the animal genus that includes nightingales. Most of the recently discovered minor planets, however, are given only an identification number, largely due to there being over 500,000 such bodies known at present, which makes the already challenging task of finding a unique name for each nearly________.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical precise word or phrase?

The following text is from Jerome K. Jerome's 1889 novel Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog). The narrator and two friends are taking a boat down the River Thames in England. In a boat, I have always noticed that it is the fixed idea of each member of the crew that he is doing everything. Harris's notion was, that it was he alone who had been working, and that both George and I had been imposing upon him. George, on the other hand, ridiculed the idea of Harris's having done anything more than eat and sleep, and had a cast-iron opinion that it was he---George himself---who had done all the labour worth speaking of.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Researchers César A. Hidalgo, Elisa Castañer, and Andres Sevtsuk created a computer model to predict the mix of businesses and places of interest found in a given neighborhood. The team used data from the Google Places API service to help identify home goods stores, clothing stores, and other businesses and map their locations. This approach has some limits---data from Places API tend to be restricted to places that are customer facing---but the data set nonetheless provides an extremely reliable source to study colocation patterns of neighborhood amenities.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

Why do Iberian lynxes purr but lions roar? Researchers hypothesize that this difference between the two feline species may be partly due to a U-shaped bone in their throats called the hyoid. Iberian lynxes, which are much smaller than lions, have a rigid hyoid that rumbles when the cat's larynx vibrates, resulting in a purr. By contrast, lions have a somewhat flexible hyoid, and the bone is attached to the skull with a stretchy ligament that lberian lynxes lack. These traits allow lions and most other species of big cats to produce powerful roars. The same traits may also prevent most big cats from purring.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

The following text is adapted from Guy de Maupassant's 1884 short story "A.Recollection," from the collection Guy de Maupassant Short Stories (translated by Albert M.C. McMaster et al. in 1903). The narrator is taking a boat down the Seine river from Paris, France, to the surrounding countryside. I took up a position in the bows [front of the boat], standing up and looking at the quays, the trees, the houses and the bridges disappearing behind us. And suddenly I perceived the great viaduct of Point du Jour which blocked the river. It was the end of Paris, the beginning of the country, and behind the double row of arches the Seine, suddenly spreading out as though it had regained space and liberty, became all at once the peaceful river which flows through the plains, alongside the wooded hills, amid the meadows, along the edge of the forests. Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

"The Mountain" is a 1914 poem by Robert Frost. In the poem, the speaker visits a town next to a mountain. The speaker claims to feel protected by the mountain, saying________

Which quotation from "The Mountain" most effectively illustrates the claim?

Mexican textile artist Victoria Villasana weaves stories of triumph, using her unique method of applying colorful yarn to photographs of people. In some works, Villasana focuses on celebrating cultural icons who are people of color, as she does in her depiction of artist Yayoi Kusama. However, in other works, Villasana honors ordinary people, as she does in her captivating portrayal of a woman making tortillas. Villasana sees both of these approaches as ways of depicting the power and interconnectedness of all people.

According to the text, what kind of material does Villasana use in her artworks?

Deposits of valuable objects, called hoards, have been unearthed in many different parts of Ireland and Northern Ireland. Technological advancements in the twenty-first century have made it easier to locate hoards, but plenty of hoards were found earlier. For example, ________

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?

In 2021, Rocío Uria-Martinez, Megan M. Johnson, and Rul Shan published a report on hydroelectric power plants operating on bodies of water in the US as recently as 2019, and data from their report are shown in the table. Of the plants in the table, the plant with the highest average power generated per year in 2019 was located on the_________

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the assertion?

Participants' Likability Ratings for Candidates by Candidates' Traits and Participants' lgnoble-Trait Scores

Alessandro Nai et al. presented study participants with vignettes about fictive political candidates, portraying them as embodying a personality trait widely considered admirable (e.g., agreeableness) or one considered ignoble (e.g., cynicism). A survey recorded participants' ratings of the candidates' likability and showed that across participants, ignoble-trait candidates were less likable than admirable-trait candidates. However, when the researchers factored in the participants' own personality-trait scores, on a scale of 1 (least ignoble) to 7 (most ignoble), they concluded that this relative ranking of candidates persisted except among the participants with high ignobility scores.

Which choice best describes data from the graph that support the researchers' conclusion?

In Hoocąk, an Indigenous language from the Midwest region of what is now the United States, zi means "yellow," whereas zizi means "yellow in spots." This phenomenon, in which an element of a root word is repeated, sometimes with modification, within another word that is related to the root word, is called reduplication. In this case, the entire word gets repeated in zizi. There are many examples of this type of reduplication in Hoocąk.

The text makes which point about Hoocąk?

The human thigh contains a variety of skeletal muscles, each playing an important role in the thigh's healthy movement. The rectus femoris, which is attached to the femur,_________responsibility for extending the knee.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Water boils at 212℉ at around sea level, but in Highland, Utah (elevation: 4,977 feet above sea level), it boils at around _________ food writer J. Kenji López-Alt points out, lower boiling points at higher elevations "can wreak all sorts of havoc on recipes."

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Quasars-such as CFHQS J2329-0301, located in the Pisces constellation-are extremely luminous galactic nuclei powered by supermassive black holes. Quasars range in age, with approximately 200 of them known to have developed within the first billion years of the formation of the universe. Cosmologists have long wondered how any quasars could have formed so early in the universe's evolution given that conditions are believed to have been ill-suited to their creation, which suggests that________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

The allocation of a new country dialing prefix (+688) to route incoming international calls________among the infrastructural changes necessitated by Tuvalu's 1978 split from the Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A lady-in-waiting's account of Japanese courtly life in the tenth century, Sei Shonagon' Pillow Book is filled with daily observations and musings. Some of these appear as________"Splendid Things," Shonagon catalogs her appreciation for a snow-covered garden, Chinese brocade fabric, and grape-colored fabric.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Cornelia Konrads is a German sculptor who creates art that seems to be part of its surroundings. Her sculpture entitled the match is built between statues at a park in France._________appearing as large vases being tossed between statues at the park, it is cleverly placed into its environment, serving as an example of Konrads's approach.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

Zydeco music originated in the French Creole community of southwest Louisiana. One instrument that gives zydeco its unique sound is the vest frottoir. The vest frottoir________a wearable washboard that is played by rubbing spoons or bottle openers against it.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Scientists studying asteroid deflection have focused on secondary objects such as S/1997 (3671), a moonlet orbiting the near-Larth asteroid Dionysus. In 2022 NASA intentionally crashed a probe into just such an object, successfully altering its orbit. Scientists have yet to demonstrate, ________ that Dionysus and other primary objects would be similarly affected.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

In certain genetic inheritance patterns, inherited traits can skip a generation in a family tree.________it is entirely possible for an individual to share a trait, such as square nails, with a grandparent but not with either biological parent.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

When ordering the branches of the Yukon River system by Hack's method, one begins with the riverway's lowest point, the Yukon River. __________ when using Strahler's method, one begins at the top of the river system, with the Dulbi River and other tributaries fed by the riverway's source, Alaska's Llewellyn Glacier.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· Bike-share programs provide bicycles for shared use.

· In docked bike sharing, riders rent a bike and return it to designated docking stations.

· Docked programs are orderly and offer consistency to riders but require significant space and money to implement.

· In dockless bike sharing, riders locate a bike and leave it wherever they choose.

· Dockless programs are relatively simple and inexpensive to implement and offer flexibility to riders.

· Dockless programs can be disorganized.

The student wants to compare some disadvantages of docked and dockless bike-share programs. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· Pops is the nickname of a dinosaur fossil specimen from the Late Cretaceous period.

· The Late Cretaceous period ended more than 65 million years ago.

· Pops is a member of the genus Triceratops.

· Pops is housed at the Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

· The Denver Museum of Nature and Science is in Denver, Colorado.

The student wants to identify the institution in which Pops is housed. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

· The James River National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) is a protected natural area in Virginia.

· It encompasses 4,147 acres.

· It was established to safeguard the habitat of the bald eagle, an endangered species.

· There are restrictions on human activities in the James River NWR.

· The James River NWR is managed by the US Fish & Wildlife Service.

The student wants to explain the original purpose of the James River NWR. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?